峨眉山三种野生韭菜的营养成分分析

Analysis of Nutritional Components in Three Wild Leeks from Mountain Emei

摘要: 为了解峨眉山三种野生韭菜的营养价值，对卵叶韭(Allium ovalifolium)、峨眉韭 (Allium omeiensis)、宽叶韭(Allium hookeri)的营养成分进行了测定与分析，并与栽培韭菜(Allium tuberosum)进行比较。结果表明：三种野生韭菜的干物质、蛋白质和脂肪含量均高于栽培韭菜。其中，卵叶韭的干物质、蛋白质和脂肪含量最高。粗纤维含量以栽培韭最低，峨眉韭最高。三种野生韭菜的维生素含量除胡萝卜素含量比栽培韭菜低外，VB₁、VB₂、Vc含量均高于栽培韭菜，峨眉韭的Vc含量最高，达到64.3 mg/100g鲜重，约为栽培韭菜的3倍。四种矿物质含量峨眉韭 > 宽叶韭 > 栽培韭 > 卵叶韭。三种野生韭菜的氨基酸种类丰富，其含量卵叶韭 > 峨眉韭 > 宽叶韭，氨基酸总量均高于栽培韭。可见，三种野生韭菜的营养丰富，有较高的食用价值，具有广阔的开发前景。

Abstract: In order to learn the nutrient value of three wild leeks from mountain Emei, the nutritional com-ponents of three wild Chinese leeks (A. ovalifolium, A. omeiensis and A. hookeri) were evaluated by comparing with the cultivated leek (A. tuberosum). The results showed that the contents of dry material, protein and fat in three wild leeks were higher than those of the cultivated leek. Among them, the contents of dry material, protein and fat in A. ovalifolium were higher than A. omeiensis and A. hookeri. The content of crude fiber in A. tuberosum was lower than three wild leeks. The contents of VB₁, VB₂, Vc of three wild leeks were higher than those of the cultivated leeks except for carotenes. And Vitamin C content in A. omeiensis was 64.3 mg/100g fresh weight, which was almost triple that of the cultivated leek. The contents of mineral element in A. omeiensis were significantly higher than the other three leeks. Three wild leeks were rich in amino acids; the contents of total amino acids in A. ovalifolium were significantly higher than those of the other three leeks. It is concluded that three wild leeks are rich in nutrition with high edible value and have broad development prospects.