未成年人性权益的保护扩张与现存缺弱——以《刑法修正案(十一)》为视角

Expansion of Protection and Existing Weakness of Minors’ Sexual Rights and Interests—From the Perspective of Amendment (XI) to the Criminal Law

摘要: 为严密未成年人性权益保护的法网，2020年我国通过《刑法修正案(十一)》对奸淫幼女相关条款及猥亵儿童相关条款进行了修订，同时创立了负有照护职责人员性侵罪。本次刑法修订对于奸淫幼女及猥亵儿童相关条款的修改具有科学性，有利于加大相关犯罪的打击力度，但在司法实践中亦应当谨慎适用。同时，新增的负有照护职责人员性侵罪并没有部分提高性同意年龄，而是在承认被害未成年女性具有同意能力的基础上，基于行为人滥用优势地位进行隐性强制等原因，否认其同意的真实性。最后，对我国刑法目前对未成年人性权益保护中存在的缺弱之处进行分析，并给出了自己的解决方案。

Abstract: In order to strictly protect the sexual rights and interests of minors, Amendment (XI) to the Criminal Law had been adopted in 2020 to revise the relevant provisions on rape of mi-nor girls and child molestation. This amendment is scientific in the revision of the relevant provi-sions on minors’ sexual interests, which is conducive to strengthening the punishment of related crimes. However, it should also be applied cautiously in judicial practice. At the same time, the brand new crime of sexual assault by persons with care responsibilities does not partially raise the age of sexual consent, but denies the authenticity of minor girls’ consent, based on the crinimal’s abuse of dominant position for implicit coercion and other reasons. Finally, it analyzes the weak-nesses in the protection of minors’ sexual rights and interests in criminal law, and gives reasonable solutions.