基于图像匹配的GUI自动化测试技术研究

Research on GUI Automated Test Technology Based on Image Matching

摘要: 当前软件更新迭代频率不断加快，但对软件的质量和稳定性要求却依然没有因此降低，测试工作就显得更加重要，而人与软件的交互大部分都是通过GUI来完成的，因此GUI测试是测试工作不可缺少的一环。传统测试工具存在一些典型问题，例如只适应于单一开发框架、断言方式简单、缺乏综合性的测试报告等。为解决上述问题，本文设计并实现了一种基于Airtest的GUI自动化测试框架，通过图像匹配技术来进行控件的定位，完成自动化测试的录制与回放，同时实现多种模式的测试断言以及测试报告的自动生成，提高了测试脚本的可重用性和测试效率。

Abstract: At present, the update iteration frequency of software is accelerating, but the quality and stability requirements of software are still not reduced, the test work is more important, and most of the interaction between people and software is completed through the GUI, so GUI testing is an indispensable part of the test work. There are some typical problems with traditional testing tools, such as only adapting to a single development framework, simple assertion methods, and the lack of comprehensive test reports. In order to solve the above problems, a GUI automated test framework based on Airtest is designed and implemented, which locates the control through image matching technology, completes the recording and playback of the automated test, and realizes the test assertion of various modes and the automatic generation of test reports, thus improving the reusability of the test script and test efficiency.