儒道社会治理思想比较研究

A Comparative Study of Confucian and Taoist Social Governance Thoughts

摘要: 儒道社会治理思想是先哲们在长期实践探索中形成的思想结晶，二者博大精深，源远流长，内容丰富，各自具有独立完备的本体论和方法论体系。在本体论上，二者都强调要遵循自然规律，实现人与自然的和谐统一。在方法论上，二者所主张的治国策略却截然相反，儒家奉行实施“仁政”，“礼法合治”等积极有为的治理观念；道家主张“顺其自然”，“无为而治”等的治国理念。它们相互联系又相互区别，共同构筑了中华民族璀璨的思想文化，其中所蕴藏的优秀的思想成果，在21世纪的中国仍然散发着智慧的光芒。

Abstract: The social governance thought of Confucianism and Taoism is the crystallization of the ancient philosophers in their long-term practice and exploration. They are broad and profound, have a long history and rich content, and each has an independent and complete ontology and methodology system. In terms of ontology, both of them emphasize the need to follow the laws of nature and realize the harmony and unity between man and nature. In terms of methodology, the strategies advocated by the two are diametrically opposite. Confucianism pursues such positive and promising governance concepts as the implementation of “benevolent government” and “the rule of propriety and law”; Taoism advocates the idea of “letting nature take its course” and “governing by doing nothing”. They are interlinked and different from each other, and together they have built the brilliant ideology and culture of the Chinese nation. The outstanding ideological achievements contained in them still radiate wisdom in China in the 21st century.