英国保释制度对中国取保候审制度的启示

Implications of the British Bail System for the Chinese Bail System

摘要: 取保候审是我国《刑事诉讼法》中规定的一种非羁押性强制措施，通常对犯罪较轻，不需要逮捕，但需要对其人身自由作一定限制的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人适用。取保候审制度的羁押替代功能对于保障司法人权具有重要意义。然而，在我国司法实践中，取保候审措施适用率极低，与英美国家的保释制度适用情况相比，有很大的差距。取保候审的适用条件不明确是我国取保候审适用率低的主要原因，从英国是否予以保释考量因素的变化分析，以期对我国取保候审制度的发展有一定促进作用。

Abstract: Bail pending trial is a non-custodial coercive measure stipulated in China’s Criminal Procedure Law, which is usually applied to criminal suspects and defendants who commit minor crimes and do not need to be arrested, but whose personal freedom needs to be restricted to a certain extent. The alternative to detention function of the bail system is of great significance to the protection of judicial human rights. However, in China’s judicial practice, the application rate of bail pending trial measures is extremely low, compared to the application of the bail system in the United Kingdom and the United States. The lack of clarity in the conditions of application of bail pending trial is the main reason for the low application rate of bail pending trial in China. An analysis of the changes in the factors considered in whether to grant bail in the UK is intended to contribute to the development of the bail pending trial system in China.