论海明威《老人与海》中的悲剧精神

On the Tragic Spirit in Hemingway’s the Old Man and the Sea

摘要: 海明威，迷惘一代的代言人，他的作品不仅吸引了许多普通的读者，同时很多研究者对海明威本人以及他的作品都从不同的角度进行分析。独特的生活经历奠定了海明威成为一位敏感而又充满悲剧精神的作家。家庭的环境以及参与战争的影响，使海明威的生活注定是只有一个结局的悲剧。尽管海明威的人生观是悲剧的，但他并非是一个彻头彻尾的悲观主义者。从《老人与海》这部作品中我们可以看出海明威对待悲剧的态度，他认为人们在面对注定失败的结局时，应该全力以赴，奋起反抗，即使这种反抗无法改变最终的结局。本文将从《老人与海》这部作品出发，总结作品中所表现出来的悲剧精神，进而去分析海明威悲剧精神的原因以及悲剧精神所产生的意义。

Abstract: Hemingway, the spokesperson of the lost generation, not only attracted many ordinary readers, but also many researchers analyzed Hemingway himself and his works from different angles. Unique life experi-ences established Hemingway as a sensitive and tragic writer. The family environment and the im-pact of participating in the war made Hemingway’s life destined to be a tragedy with only one end-ing. Although Hemingway’s outlook on life is tragic, he is not a downright pessimist. From the old man and the sea, we can see Hemingway’s attitude towards tragedy. He thinks that when people are faced with the doomed failure, they should try their best to resist, even if this kind of resistance can not change the final outcome. Starting from the old man and the sea, this paper summarizes the tragic spirit in the work, and then analyzes the causes of Hemingway’s tragic spirit and its signifi-cance.