湖北利川耕地土壤氯离子含量及空间分布

Soil Chloride Ion Content and Spatial Distribution in Lichuan, Hubei Province

摘要: 本文采集、检测、统计并分析了湖北省利川市288个耕地土样的氯离子含量。结果表明，氯离子点位均值28.17 ± 79.90 mg/kg，为低量水平，变幅0.37~754.46 mg/kg。近90%含量低或特低，特高仅4个点。区域分布特征明显，东部的团堡镇最高154.62 mg/kg (高量)；其次分别是最南端的文斗镇、齐跃山脉东麓的南坪乡、汪营镇，为低量水平；其它乡镇氯离子含量特低。团堡镇耕地氯离子在6个级中较均匀分布，各级占比在10%~25%之间，属乡镇特例；其它乡镇80%以上或全部分布在特低水平。二高山、高山耕地氯离子含量相当，为32 mg/kg，略高；低山特低8.71 mg/kg。水田(22.95 mg/kg)低于旱地(29.87 mg/kg)。不同成土母质发育的不同土类耕地氯离子含量差异较大，石英砂岩(96.29 mg/kg) > 碳酸盐岩(33.84 mg/kg) > 河流冲积物(27.29 mg/kg) > 泥质砂页岩(20.26 mg/kg) > 第四纪黏土(19.60 mg/kg) > 紫色页岩(12.30 mg/kg)；棕壤(58.75 mg/kg) > 石灰土(50.09 mg/kg) > 潮土(38.23 mg/kg) > 黄棕壤(32.57 mg/kg) > 水稻土(见水田) > 紫色土(11.35 mg/kg) > 黄壤(10.91 mg/kg)。从统计学意义上看，利川耕地氯离子与土壤pH呈显著正相关，与全氮、有效磷、速效钾呈极显著正相关，与交换性钙镁、容重呈显著负相关，与有机质、阳离子交换量、交换性盐基总量、有效铁、有效锰相关性不显著。

Abstract: The chloride ion content of 288 cultivated land soil samples in Lichuan City, Hubei Province was collected, tested, and statistically analyzed in this paper. The results show that the average chloride ion site is 28.17 ± 79.90 mg/kg, which is a low level with a range of 0.37~754.46 mg/kg. Nearly 90% of the content is low or extremely low, with only 4 points being extremely high. The regional distribution characteristics are obvious, with the highest concentration of 154.62 mg/kg (high) in Tuanbao Town in the east; next is the southernmost town of Wendou, Nanping Township at the eastern foot of the Qiyue Mountains, and Wangying Town, which is at a low volume level; the chlo-ride ion content in other towns is particularly low. The distribution of chloride ions in the cultivated land of Tuanbao Town is relatively uniform among six levels, with a proportion of 10% to 25% at each level, which is a special case of the township; more than 80% or all of the other townships are distributed at extremely low levels. The chloride ion content in the two high mountains and high mountain cultivated land is equivalent, slightly higher at 32 mg/kg; low mountain and extremely low at 8.71 mg/kg. Paddy fields (22.95 mg/kg) are lower than dry lands (29.87 mg/kg). The content of chloride ions in cultivated land of different soil types developed from different soil-forming parent materials varies greatly. Quartz sandstone (96.29 mg/kg) > carbonate rock (33.84 mg/kg) > river alluvium (27.29 mg/kg) > argillaceous sand shale (20.26 mg/kg) > quaternary clay (19.60 mg/kg) > purple shale (12.30 mg/kg); brown soil (58.75 mg/kg) > lime soil (50.09 mg/kg) > chao soil (38.23 mg/kg) > yellow brown soil (32.57 mg/kg) > rice soil (see paddy fields) > purple soil (11.35 mg/kg) > yellow soil (10.91 mg/kg). From a statistical perspective, chloride ions in Lichuan cultivated land are significantly positively correlated with soil pH, extremely significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, and significantly negatively correlated with exchangeable calcium, magnesium, and bulk density. There is no signifi-cant correlation with organic matter, cation exchange capacity, total exchangeable base, available iron, and available manganese.