大数据时代公民个人生物识别信息的刑法保护——从人脸识别角度切入

Criminal Law Protection of Citizens’ Personal Biometric Information in the Era of Big Data—From the Perspective of Face Recognition

摘要: 大数据时代，人工智能科技的迅速发展与深入使用为人们生活提供了更加自动化、便捷化的生活体验的同时往往会产生一系列道德风险和法律问题。个人的生物识别信息如果被泄露或者滥用，给公民带来的不仅是财产损害，更有可能造成人身威胁。现行法律和司法解释对于生物识别信息的规定却少之又少，《刑法》也未将生物识别信息纳入侵犯公民个人信息罪的法益保护范围内。本文以人脸识别为切入点，针对非法利用生物识别技术、侵犯公民生物识别信息的行为进行分析；阐述我国《刑法》对于生物识别信息规制的缺陷并提出相应的完善建议，以实现《刑法》对于生物识别信息的特殊保护。

Abstract: In the era of big data, the rapid development and in-depth use of artificial intelligence technology provide people with a more automated and convenient life experience. At the same time, it often produces a series of moral risks and legal problems. If personal biometric information is leaked or abused, it will not only bring property damage to citizens, but also pose a personal threat. The current laws and judicial interpretations have few provisions on biometric information, and the Criminal Law does not include biometric information in the scope of legal interest protection of the crime of infringing on citizens’ personal information. Taking face recognition as the starting point, this paper analyzes the illegal use of biometric technology and infringing on citizens’ biometric information, and expounds the defects of the regulation of biometric information in China’s Criminal Law, and put forward corresponding improvement suggestions to realize the special protection of biometric information in the Criminal Law.