灵活就业者参与职业伤害险情况及影响因素的实证分析——基于上海市外卖骑手的调研

Participation of Flexible Employees in Occupational Injury Insurance Empirical Analysis of Influencing Factors—Based on a Survey of Delivery Riders in Shanghai

摘要: 数字经济的发展催生新就业形态的产生，在创造大量就业机会的同时，也带来灵活就业者职业伤害权益保障的问题。以外卖骑手为主的灵活就业者在现阶段最突出的问题是缺乏职业伤害保障，这类职业没有明确的雇主，与用工单位联系不够紧密，不能形成法律意义上的劳动关系，因此游离于工伤保障范围之外。本文契合上海市人力资源和社会保障局发布关于开展平台灵活就业者职业保障试点的相关政策，围绕灵活就业者参保行为以及影响因素展开调查研究，不仅了解到外卖骑手参加职业伤害保障的意愿，而且通过问卷调查实地调研以及实证分析等方式，进一步了解外卖骑手参加职业伤害保障的影响因素，深入研究政策落实过程中的痛点难点问题，从个人、社会以及国家三个层面提出相应对策，支持和规范发展新就业形态，切实保护灵活就业者劳动保障权益，促进平台经济规范健康持续发展。

Abstract: The development of the digital economy has led to the emergence of new forms of employment, which not only creates a large number of job opportunities, but also brings about the issue of pro-tecting the occupational injury rights and interests of flexible employees. The most prominent problem for flexible employment, mainly delivery riders, at present is the lack of occupational in-jury protection. This type of profession does not have a clear employer, and is not closely connected with the employer, which cannot form a legal labor relationship, thus falling outside the scope of occupational injury protection. This article is in line with the relevant policies issued by the Shang-hai Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau regarding the pilot program of voca-tional security for flexible employees on the platform. A survey and research are conducted around the insured behavior and influencing factors of flexible employees. Not only is it possible to under-stand the willingness of delivery riders to participate in occupational injury protection, but also through questionnaire surveys, field research, and empirical analysis, to further understand the in-fluencing factors of delivery riders participating in occupational injury protection. Thoroughly study the pain points and difficulties in the process of policy implementation, propose corresponding countermeasures from the individual, social, and national levels, support and standardize the de-velopment of new forms of employment, effectively protect the labor security rights and interests of flexible employees, and promote the standardized, healthy, and sustainable development of the platform economy.