血清标志物BAGE5、RUNX1T1、SLFN14对比CA19-9在胰腺癌诊断中的比较研究：一项全面评估其临床应用前景的综述

Comparative Study of Serum Biomarkers BAGE5, RUNX1T1, SLFN14 in Comparison to CA19-9 for the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: A Comprehensive Review Assessing Their Clinical Application Prospects

摘要: 胰腺癌作为消化道最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，病因尚不明确，临床常表现为上腹不适、腹泻、食欲减退、腹痛、黄疸等。胰腺位于腹腔深部，疾病早期症状无特异性，起病较为隐匿，患者往往难以察觉且临床难以诊断。近年来，胰腺癌的发生率在国内外均呈明显上升趋势。胰腺癌的常用诊断方法包括影像学检查、肿瘤标志物检查以及组织病理学检验，目前临床早期筛查胰腺癌的肿瘤标记物是CA19-9，它被认为在胰腺癌检测时敏感性和特异性不理想，CA19-9升高占比低，检测到CA19-9升高时胰腺癌已进展到晚期。有研究表明，肿瘤标记物和生化单独检测对胰腺癌早期诊断价值不高，若用2种及2种以上的肿瘤标记物联合检测可帮助胰腺癌的筛选以及鉴别，且早期诊断可有效提高胰腺癌患者生存率。BAGE5、RUNX1T1、SLFN14与胰腺癌存在潜在相关性，或可作为新的血清标志物诊断胰腺癌，本文将评估其临床应用前景。

Abstract: Pancreatic cancer, as one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system, has un-clear etiology. Clinical manifestations often include upper abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and jaundice. The pancreas is located deep within the abdomen, and ear-ly symptoms of the disease are nonspecific, making it difficult for patients to detect and diagnose clinically. In recent years, the incidence of pancreatic cancer has been on the rise both domestically and internationally. Common diagnostic methods for pancreatic cancer include imaging examina-tions, tumor marker tests, and histopathological examination. Currently, the tumor marker CA19-9 is used for clinical early screening of pancreatic cancer. However, it is considered to have limited sensitivity and specificity for detecting pancreatic cancer. Elevated levels of CA19-9 are detected at a late stage when the cancer has already progressed. Research has shown that individual tumor markers or biochemical tests have limited value in the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Howev-er, combining two or more tumor markers for screening and differentiation can be helpful, leading to early detection and improved survival rates for pancreatic cancer patients. BAGE5, RUNX1T1, and SLFN14 have been found to have potential correlations with pancreatic cancer and may serve as novel serum biomarkers for its diagnosis. This review aims to evaluate their clinical application prospects.