加油站安全氛围对员工安全行为的影响

The Influence of Safety Climate of Gas Station on Employees’ Safety Behavior

摘要: 为有效增强加油站员工安全行为意识，提升加油站安全管理水平，基于安全氛围、安全行为学理论本论文构建了加油站安全氛围对员工安全行为的影响模型。选取湘潭市某些加油站作为研究样本，首先采用安全氛围量表和现场结构化观察法对加油站安全氛围和安全行为进行评估，其次结合SPSS对数据进行多元线性回归分析，并采用JASP对分析结果进行反向迭代修正处理，最终经过四次迭代获得相关性较高的结果模型。研究结果表明，最终模型的F统计量由初代模型的3.014提升至8.656、RMSE为0.536、Durbin-Watson为1.935，模型拟合良好，回归方程显著，安全氛围对安全行为有显著的积极影响，其中领导管理承诺、员工有效沟通、员工自我效能感三个维度对员工安全行为呈现强显著影响。因此加油站应提升安全氛围，重视上下层关系，有助于激发员工主动性安全行为，减少加油站事故发生。

Abstract: In order to effectively promote the awareness of safety behavior of gas station employees and enhance the level of gas station safety management, this thesis constructs a model of gas station safety atmosphere affecting safety behavior based on safety climate theory and safety behavior theory. Certain gas stations in Xiangtan City were selected as the research samples, firstly, the safety atmosphere scale and on-site structured observation method were used to assess the safety atmosphere and safety behaviors of the gas stations. Secondly, the data were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis combined with SPSS, and JASP was used to correct the analytical results by reverse iteration processing, and finally the resultant model with higher correlation was obtained after four iterations. The study found that the F of the final model increased from 3.014 to 8.656, the RMSE was 0.536, the Durbin-Watson was 1.935, and the model was well-fitted with significant regression equations. The safety climate has a considerable beneficial effect on safety behavior, with the three characteristics of top management commitment, effective employee communication, and employee self-efficacy all having a strong significant effect. Therefore, gas stations should improve the safety climate and focus on superior-subordinate relationship in order to encourage employees’ proactive safety behaviors and prevent gas station accidents.