虚拟现实疗法和正念认知疗法对失眠大学生睡眠效果的干预研究

Study on the Intervention of Virtual Reality Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Therapy for Insomnia on the Sleep Effect of Insomnia College Students

摘要: 目的：对比以正念为基础的虚拟现实疗法(Virtual Reality Therapy, VRT)和正念认知疗法(Mindfulness-Based Therapy for Insomnia, MBTI)对改善大学生失眠的效果。方法：2023年9月由华北理工大学的618名本科学生完成了匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)，符合入组标准者49名，并将其随机分为两组。一组接受基于正念的虚拟现实疗法(VRT)，另一组接受正念认知疗法(MBTI)。使用SPSS 26.0分析数据。结果：干预8周后VRT组被试的睡眠质量得分、入睡时间得分、睡眠时间得分、睡眠效率得分、睡眠障碍得分、日间功能障碍得分以及总分和干预前比较，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；干预8周后MBTI组被试的睡眠质量得分、入睡时间得分、睡眠时间得分、睡眠障碍得分、日间功能障碍得分以及总分和干预前比较，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。对两组被试干预8周后的睡眠质量得分、入睡时间得分、睡眠时间得分、睡眠障碍得分、催眠药物得分、日间功能障碍得分、总分及前后得分差值进行比较，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)，VRT组患者的睡眠效率前后得分的差值显著低于MBTI组(P < 0.05)。两组的睡眠问题均得到了明显的改善(P < 0.05)，此外VRT在睡眠效率方面的有效性明显高于MBTI (P < 0.05)。结论：根据研究结果，失眠的正念认知疗法和基于正念的虚拟现实疗法均有效地改善了大学生的睡眠问题。但在睡眠效率上，VRT的干预效果优于MBTI。

Abstract: Objective: To compare the effects of Virtual Reality Therapy (VRT) based on mindfulness and Mindfulness-based Therapy for Insomnia (MBTI) on improving college students’ insomnia. Methods: In September, 2023, 618 undergraduate students from North China University of Science and Technology completed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI), and 49 students met the admission criteria and were randomly divided into two groups. One group received Mindfulness-based Therapy for Insomnia (MBTI), and the other group received mindfulness-based virtual reality therapy (VRT). Use SPSS 26.0 to analyze data. Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, the scores of sleep quality, falling asleep time, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder, daytime dysfunction and total score in VRT group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After 8 weeks of intervention, the scores of sleep quality, falling asleep time, sleep time, sleep disorder, daytime dysfunction and total score in MBTI group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After 8 weeks of intervention, the scores of sleep quality, falling asleep time, sleep time, sleep disorder, hypnotic drugs, daytime dysfunction, total score and the difference between the two groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The difference between the scores of patients in VRT group before and after sleep efficiency was lower than that in MBTI group (P < 0.05). The sleep problems of the two groups were obviously improved (P < 0.05), and the effectiveness of VRT in sleep efficiency was significantly higher than that of MBTI (P < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the research results, mindfulness cognitive therapy for insomnia and virtual reality therapy based on mindfulness have effectively improved the sleep problems of college students, but the intervention effect of VRT is better than MBTI in sleep efficiency.