家庭教养方式对中学生校园欺凌行为倾向的影响——核心自我评价的中介作用

The Effect of Family Parenting Style on Middle School Students’ Tendency to Bullying Behavior—The Mediating Role of Core Self-Evaluation

摘要: 目的：探讨家庭教养方式对中学生校园欺凌行为倾向的影响以及核心自我评价的中介作用。方法：本研究采用中学生校园欺凌问卷、家庭教养方式量表和核心自我评价量表，以班级为单位，用整群随机方式，对河北省承德市某中学545名学生进行调查。结果：1) 父母情感温暖与中学生受欺凌行为存在显著负相关(r = −0.098, p < 0.05)；2) 核心自我评价与中学生受欺凌行为存在显著负相关(r = −0.127, p < 0.01)；3) 父母拒绝与中学生受欺凌行为存在显著正相关(r = 0.197, p < 0.01)，与中学生欺凌行为存在显著正相关(r = 0.268, p < 0.01)；4) 父母过度保护与中学生受欺凌行为存在显著正相关(r = 0.222, p < 0.01)，与中学生欺凌行为存在显著正相关(r = 0.230, p < 0.01)；5) 核心自我评价在父母拒绝、父母过度保护对中学生受欺凌行为倾向的预测作用中起部分中介作用。结论：1) 父母情感温暖、核心自我评价可以显著负向预测中学生校园欺凌行为倾向，父母拒绝、父母过度保护可以显著正向预测中学生校园欺凌行为倾向；2) 父母拒绝、父母过度保护对中学生受欺凌行为倾向的预测作用中，核心自我评价起中介效应作用。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the influence of family parenting style on the tendency of school bullying behavior of middle school students and the mediating role of core self-evaluation. Methods: In this study, 545 students from a middle school in Chengde City, Hebei Province were randomly surveyed by class using the School Bullying Questionnaire, Family Parenting Style Scale and Core Self-Evaluation Scale. Results: 1) There was a significant negative correlation between parental warmth and bullied behavior of middle school students (r = −0.098, p < 0.05). 2) There was a significant negative correlation between core self-evaluation and bullied behavior of middle school students (r = −0.127, p < 0.01). 3) Parental rejection was significantly positively correlated with bullied behavior of middle school students (r = 0.197, p < 0.01) and bullying behavior of middle school students (r = 0.268, p < 0.01). 4) There was a significant positive correlation between parental overprotection and bullied behavior of middle school students (r = 0.222, p < 0.01), and a significant positive correlation with bullying behavior of middle school students (r = 0.230, p < 0.01). 5) Core self-evaluation played a mediating role in the prediction of parental rejection and parental overprotection on the tendency of middle school students to be bullied. Conclusions: 1) Parental emotional warmth and core self-evaluation could significantly negatively predict the tendency of middle school bullying behavior, and parental rejection and parental overprotection could significantly and positively predict the tendency of middle school students’ school bullying behavior. 2) In the predictive effect of parental rejection and parental overprotection on the tendency of middle school students to be bullied, core self-evaluation played a mediating role.