互动元话语视角下中英文化类演讲对比特征研究

A Comparative Study on the Characteristics of Chinese and English Cultural Speeches from the Perspective of Interactional Metadiscourse

摘要: 本文聚焦于文化类演讲中的互动元话语使用，以2024年“一席”和TED Talk平台上各5篇文化主题演讲为语料，自建双语类比语料库。通过定量统计与定性分析，结合Hyland的互动元话语分析模式，探讨了中美文化类演讲中互动元话语的分布、用词异同及其背后的原因。研究发现，中文演讲中模糊语、提问等互动元话语使用较多，体现了高语境文化的含蓄与互动性；而英文演讲则更倾向于使用自我指称、插入语等，展现了低语境文化的直接性与逻辑性。这些差异也展现了中西方语言特性、思维方式及文化背景的不同。研究为跨文化演讲的理论研究提供了新的视角和实证依据，有助于深入理解不同文化背景下演讲者的互动策略及其效果。

Abstract: This study focuses on the use of interactional metadiscourse in cultural speeches, utilizing a self-constructed bilingual analogical corpus comprising five cultural-themed speeches each from “Yixi” and TED Talk platforms in 2024. Through quantitative and qualitative analyses, coupled with Hyland’s framework for analyzing interactional metadiscourse, the study explores the distribution, similarities, vocabulary differences, and their underlying reasons of interactional metadiscourse in Chinese and English cultural speeches. The findings reveal that Chinese speeches exhibit a greater use of hedges, questions, and other interactional metadiscourse, reflecting the implicitness and interactivity of high-context cultures. In contrast, English speeches tend to favor self-mention, personal aside and the like, showcasing the directness and logicality of low-context cultures. These disparities also illuminate the variations in linguistic characteristics, modes of thinking, and cultural backgrounds between China and the West. The research offers a new perspective and empirical evidence for theoretical studies on cross-cultural speeches, contributing to a deeper understanding of speakers’ interactive strategies and their effects across different cultural contexts.