健康教育对异位妊娠患者应用效果的Meta分析

Effects of Health Education on Patients with Ectopic Pregnancy: A Meta-Analysis

摘要: 目的：系统评价应用健康教育干预手段对异位妊娠患者的应用效果。方法：系统检索万方数据库(Wanfang)、维普数据库(VIP)、中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science及The Cochrane Library等国内外知名数据库，收集了自各数据库建库以来至2023年10月13日期间的随机对照试验(RCT)研究。两位独立的研究员根据预设的纳入和排除标准，进行了严格的文献筛选、数据提取及质量评价工作。随后，利用RevMan 5.4软件对筛选出的文献进行了Meta分析，以综合评估健康教育对异位妊娠患者的干预效果。结果：经过严格的筛选过程，本研究最终纳入了29篇符合标准的RCT文献，这些文献共涉及3227名异位妊娠患者。Meta分析结果表明，健康教育方式可以有效改善SAS焦虑量表评分[MD = −9.85, 95%CI (−12.20, −7.49), Z = 8. 20, P < 0.00001]、SDS抑郁量表评分[MD = −9.03, 95%CI (−11.11, −6.96), Z = 8.54, P < 0.00001]、保守治疗的成功率[RR = 1.21, 95%CI (1.12, 1.29), Z = 5.13, P < 0.00001]、术后不良反应的发生率[RR = 0.31, 95%CI (0.17, 0.55), Z = 3.94, P < 0.00001]、提高患者满意度[RR = 1.22, 95%CI (1.16, 1.29), Z = 7.29, P < 0.0001]。结论：综合当前研究结果，与常规护理相比，健康教育在改善SAS、SDS、保守治疗的成功率、术后不良反应事件的发生率、提高患者满意度方面效果更佳。在未来，我们亟需纳入更大样本量、设计更为严谨的高质量随机对照试验来进行深入研究。

Abstract: Objective: The systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of health education applied to patients with ectopic pregnancy. Methods: The systematic search queried CNKI database, VIP database , WanFang database, CBM database, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library to look for data on the effectiveness of the application of health education to patients with ectopic pregnancy associated with Randomized controlled trials were searched from the time frame of the library to October 13, 2023, and 2 researchers performed independent literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: A total of 29 papers were included, covering a total of 3227 patients. Meta-analysis of the results showed that the health education approach was effective in improving the SAS Anxiety Scale score [MD = −9.85, 95%CI (−12.20, −7.49), Z = 8.20, P < 0.00001], SDS Depression Scale score [MD = −9.03, 95%CI (−11.11, −6.96), Z = 8.54, P < 0.00001], success rate of conservative treatment [RR = 1.21, 95%CI (1.12, 1.29), Z = 5.13, P < 0.00001], incidence of postoperative adverse reactions [RR = 0.31, 95%CI (0.17, 0.55), Z = 3.94, P < 0.00001], improved patient satisfaction [RR = 1.22, 95%CI (1.16, 1.29), Z = 7.29, P < 0.0001]. Conclusions: We synthesized the results of the current study and concluded that health education is more effective in improving the success of SAS, SDS, and conservative treatment, the incidence of postoperative adverse events, and increasing patient satisfaction compared with usual care. In the future, we urgently need to include larger sample sizes and conduct more rigorous, high-quality randomized controlled trials for further research.