教育法治背景下我国《学位法》的法理阐释与适用分析

Legal Interpretation and Application Analysis of “Degree Law” in China under the Background of the Rule of Law in Education

摘要: 法治作为我国高等教育发展的基本经验，应用在学位治理的过程中呼唤“学位法治”。《学位法》的出台突破了学位条例的局限，将《宪法》作为立法根本依据，以“尊重教育学术自由、保障人才成长”为价值引领，构建权责平衡的法律体制，规范各级各部门单位的权限，使学位授予的工作在法律框架内健康运行。本研究基于《学位法》文本内容，结合学位工作现实困境，剖析学位法的内容框架，探究法理基础，论证其立法的适切性，并提出法律推行的助推策略。《学位法》践行宪法精神，遵循法律原则，还需与其他配套法律措施整合，整合各方资源，构建中国特色的学位制度体系。

Abstract: As the basic experience of the development of higher education in China, the rule of law calls for “degree rule of law” in the process of degree governance. The introduction of the “Degree Law” breaks through the limitations of the academic degree regulations. Therefore, it takes the Constitution as the legislative basis, takes “respecting the academic freedom of education and ensuring the growth of talents” as the value guidance, builds a legal system that balances rights and responsibilities, standardizes the authority of all departments and units at all levels, and makes the degree awarding work run healthily within the legal framework. This study is based on the text content of the “Degree Law” and the practical dilemma of the degree work, analyzes the content framework of the degree legislation, explores the legal basis, demonstrates the appropriateness of the legislation, and puts forward the boosting strategy of legal implementation. “Degree Law” practices the spirit of the Constitution, follows the legal principles, and should integrate with other supporting legal measures, integrate the resources of all parties, and build a degree system with Chinese characteristics.