基于“五脏受瘾”理论探讨耳穴治疗烟草依赖的机制

Exploring the Mechanism of Auricular Acupuncture Points in the Treatment of Tobacco Dependence Based on the Theory of “Five Viscera Addiction”

摘要: 烟草依赖，又称为尼古丁依赖，指长期吸烟者对烟草中所含主要物质尼古丁产生上瘾的症状。据世界卫生组织报告，烟草流行是迄今面临的最大公共卫生威胁之一，也是导致死亡、疾病和贫困的主要原因。中医认为烟草性辛、温，有毒。归肺经与各脏腑密切相关，长期过度依赖会导致五脏受瘾、气血失和、脏腑神机失调。耳为宗脉，与脑髓及五脏六腑相通，同时又系体表唯一有迷走神经分布的区域，通过神经系统参与调节脑及脏腑功能。本文基于“五脏受瘾”理论探讨耳穴治疗烟草依赖的机制，选取神门、肝、脾、肺、内分泌、皮质下、交感六穴，以调整经络气血阴阳，使五脏气血调和、脑腑神机畅达，从而达到治疗烟草依赖的目的。

Abstract: Tobacco dependence, also known as nicotine dependence, refers to the symptoms of long-term smokers who become addicted to nicotine, the main substance contained in tobacco. According to the World Health Organization, the tobacco epidemic is one of the greatest public health threats ever faced and a leading cause of death, disease and poverty. Chinese medicine believes that tobacco is pungent, warm and toxic. Attributed to the lung meridian is closely related to the internal organs, long-term over-dependence will lead to addiction of the five organs, qi and blood disharmony, internal organs and divine mechanism disorder. The ear is considered to be “Zong Mai”, and the brain marrow and the five viscera and six bowels are connected, and at the same time, it is the only area on the body surface where the vagus nerve is distributed, which is involved in regulating the functions of the brain and the bowels through the nervous system. This paper explores the mechanism of auricular acupuncture points for the treatment of tobacco dependence based on the theory of “five viscera addiction”. We selected six acupuncture points, namely, Shenmen, Liver, Spleen, Lung, Endocrine, Subcortical point, and Sympathetic, in order to adjust the meridian qi, blood, and yin and yang. The five organs and blood are balanced, as are the brain and internal organs, in order to achieve the goal of treating tobacco dependence. In order to serve as a reference for clinical smoking cessation.