生态修复理念下的山东嘉祥南武山矿山公园景观设计

Landscape Design of Nanwushan Mine Park in Jiaxiang, Shandong Province under the Concept of Ecological Restoration

摘要: 嘉祥地区有着悠久的采石历史和辉煌的石雕文化成就，矿石开采在带来经济效益的同时对山体造成影响，在很大程度上破坏了生态环境。为了促进生态环境的可持续发展以及人与环境和谐共生，充分发挥矿山遗迹资源的优势和可塑造性，可考虑将矿山遗迹作为矿业文明和矿业历史的载体，在生态修复理念下以景观的形式加以保留并进行改造利用，进而形成面貌独特的矿山公园。利用场地高差、植被恢复、地形处理等方法在矿山修复的基础上进行景观设计，通过营造瀑布、增设观光电梯等景观手段合理利用场地高差，形成独特的矿山景观；在采石遗留的水池中环崖壁设置栈道，并将栈道分为高中低三个层次，以便游人可在不同的高度观赏矿山以及瀑布；此外在陡崖之下较平坦地带设置了营地，通过植草、自然的花卉种植形式，打造具有野趣的矿山营地。嘉祥南武山矿山公园景观设计中因地制宜，在尊重原场地基础上营造更具空间层次的矿山公园，以期在营造良好景观的同时实现生态效益、经济效益、社会效益的统一。

Abstract: Jiaxiang area has a long history of stone quarrying and brilliant cultural achievements in stone carving. The ore mining has brought economic benefits while affecting the mountain and destroyed the ecological environment to a great extent. In order to promote the sustainable development of ecological environment and the harmonious coexistence between man and environment, and give full play to the advantages and plasticity of mine heritage resources, the mine heritage can be considered as the carrier of mining civilization and mining history, and be preserved and transformed in the form of landscape under the concept of ecological restoration, so as to form a unique mine park. The site height difference, vegetation restoration, terrain treatment and other methods are used to carry out landscape design on the basis of mine restoration. The site height difference is rationally used by building waterfalls, adding sightseeing elevators and other landscape means to form a unique mine landscape. The trestle road is set in the central cliff wall of the pool left by the quarry, and the trestle road is divided into three levels, so that visitors can enjoy the mine and the waterfall at different heights; In addition, the camp is set up in the flatter area under the steep cliff, and the mining camp with wild interest is created by planting grass and natural flower planting. In the landscape design of Jiaxiang Nanwushan Mine Park, a more spatial level mine park is built on the basis of respecting the original site, in order to achieve the unity of ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits while creating a good landscape.