ICU患者早期运动康复护理的应用效果研究

Study on the Application Effect of Early Exercise Rehabilitation Nursing in ICU Patients

摘要: 目的：探讨早期运动康复护理对ICU患者神经功能、生活自理能力和肌力恢复的效果，为改善ICU患者康复预后提供依据。方法：本研究采用随机数表法，纳入2023年5月至2024年10月期间收治的70例ICU患者，分为观察组和对照组，每组各35例。对照组接受常规护理，包括基础护理、病情监测及药物治疗；观察组在常规护理基础上增加早期运动康复护理干预，包括被动运动、呼吸功能训练、坐立与移位训练以及心理支持。干预前后分别采用改良格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)、功能独立性评定量表(FIM)及ICU获得性衰弱量表(ICU-AW)评估干预效果，并记录并发症发生率。结果：干预后，观察组患者的GCS评分、FIM评分及ICU-AW评分均显著高于对照组(P < 0.01)，显示观察组患者在神经功能、生活自理能力和肌力恢复方面获得明显改善。同时，两组并发症发生率无显著差异(P > 0.05)。结论：早期运动康复护理能够有效促进ICU患者的神经功能和肌力恢复，提高生活自理能力，且安全性较高。该护理模式值得在ICU中推广应用。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of early exercise rehabilitation nursing on the recovery of neurological function, self-care ability and muscle strength in ICU patients, and to provide evidence for improving the prognosis of ICU patients. Methods: In this study, 70 ICU patients admitted from May 2023 to October 2024 were divided into observation group and control group, with 35 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing, including basic nursing, disease monitoring and drug therapy. In the observation group, early exercise rehabilitation nursing intervention was added on the basis of routine nursing, including passive exercise, respiratory function training, sit-stand and shift training and psychological support. The modified Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), Functional Independence Rating Scale (FIM) and ICU Acquired Weakness Scale (ICU-AW) were used before and after the intervention to evaluate the effect of the intervention, and the incidence of complications was recorded. Results: After the intervention, the GCS score, FIM score and ICU-AW score of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.01), indicating that the neurological function, self-care ability and muscle strength recovery of the observation group were significantly improved. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Early exercise rehabilitation nursing can effectively promote the recovery of nerve function and muscle strength in ICU patients, improve self-care ability, and have high safety. This nursing model is worth popularizing and applying in ICU.