新时代农村互助养老的现实困境与优化路径研究

Research on the Realistic Dilemma and Optimization Path of Rural Mutual Support for the Elderly in the New Era

摘要: 互助养老是缓解农村养老困境的重要抓手。农村互助养老具有坚实的社会基础，包括农村中青壮年人口向城市单向流动、农村老年群体渴望实现自我价值、土地集体所有制创造的利益联结以及基层党组织在互助养老中的积极引领。同时，农村互助养老也面临着认同感不强、资源供需失衡、农村社会关系疏离以及政策法规存在不足等困境。对此，需要重构社会文化支持体系，重建农村和谐人际关系，多元主体合力供给资源，完善相关政策制度体系，从而推动农村互助养老可持续发展。

Abstract: Mutual support for the elderly is an important starting point to alleviate the plight of rural elderly. Rural mutual support for the elderly has a solid social foundation, including the unidirectional flow of young and middle-aged people in the countryside to the city, the desire of rural elderly groups to realize their self-value, the interest linkage created by collective land ownership, and the active guidance of grassroots party organizations in mutual support for the elderly. At the same time, rural mutual support for the elderly is also faced with a weak sense of identity, resource supply and demand imbalance, alienation of rural social relations and insufficient policies and regulations. In this regard, it is necessary to reconstruct the social and cultural support system, rebuild the harmonious interpersonal relationship in rural areas, multiple subjects work together to supply resources, and improve the relevant policies and systems, so as to promote the sustainable development of mutual assistance for the elderly in rural areas.