茯砖茶对肠道菌群及代谢综合征的调节作用研究进展

Research Progress on the Regulatory Effects of Fuzhuan Brick Tea on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Syndrome

摘要: 茯砖茶是一种传统的后发酵茶，其中所含冠突散囊菌(Eurotium cristatum)，也被称为“金花”，是其区别于其他茶叶的关键。研究表明长期饮用茯砖茶具有抗肥胖、降糖、降脂、调节肠道菌群、抗炎等多重药理作用。代谢综合征(Metabolic syndrome, MS)是一组代谢紊乱性疾病的总称，其特征是向心性肥胖、血脂异常、血压升高、高血糖状态，已成为全球性的公共卫生问题。目前没有单一药物能够全面治疗代谢综合征的所有症状，人们越来越关注天然食品在预防和治疗代谢综合征中的作用。茯砖茶中的活性成分，如茶多酚、茶多糖等，可以通过调节肠道菌群的结构和功能，进而影响宿主的代谢过程。本文综述了茯砖茶通过调节肠道菌群改善MS的研究进展，以期为MS的防治提供新思路。

Abstract: Fuzhuan brick tea is a traditional post-fermented tea, in which the presence of Eurotium cristatum, also known as “golden flower”, is a key distinguishing feature from other tea varieties. Studies have shown that long-term consumption of Fuzhuan brick tea has multiple pharmacological effects, including anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anti-lipid, regulation of gut microbiota, and anti-inflammation. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, and has become a global public health problem. Currently, there is no single drug that can comprehensively treat all symptoms of MS, and people are increasingly paying attention to the role of natural foods in the prevention and treatment of MS. Active components in Fuzhuan brick tea, such as tea polyphenols and polysaccharides, can regulate the structure and function of gut microbiota, thereby influencing the host’s metabolic process. This review summarizes the progress of research on how Fuzhuan brick tea regulates gut microbiota to improve MS, with the aim of providing new insights into the prevention and treatment of MS.