针刺基于内脏高敏感治疗功能性胃肠病作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Action of Acupuncture Based on Visceral Hypersensitivity in the Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs)

摘要: 功能性胃肠病(functional gastrointestinal disorders, FGIDs)在人群中较为普遍，FGIDs有不同的病理生理机制，常常出现误诊，病情的反复造成患者多次就医，严重影响患者的生活质量，增加了患者的社会心理和经济上的双重负担。内脏高敏感(visceral hypersensitivity, VH)作为FGIDS的核心病理生理机制之一，是导致患者腹部不适的主要原因。经相关实验及临床研究表明，针刺疗法对内脏高敏感性具有显著的调节作用，相对于常规疗法具有多方面的优势和潜力，有着较高的应用价值，针刺是如何通过调节VH最终达到治疗FGIDs的目的，仍需要我们进一步探讨，VH的产生涉及多个系统，本文外周、中枢及肠神经三个方面对针刺基于内脏高敏感对治疗FGIDs作用研究现状作一综述。

Abstract: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are relatively common in the population, and they have different pathophysiological mechanisms, which are often misdiagnosed. The recurrence of the disease causes patients to visit the doctor several times, seriously affecting their quality of life and increasing the double burden on their socio-psychological and economic well-being. Visceral hypersensitivity (VH), as one of the core pathophysiological mechanisms of FGIDs, is the main cause of abdominal discomfort in patients. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that acupuncture therapy has a significant modulating effect on visceral hypersensitivity, which offers multiple advantages and potential compared with conventional therapy, and possesses high application value. However, how acupuncture regulates VH to ultimately achieve the purpose of treating FGIDs still needs to be further explored, as the development of VH involves multiple systems. Therefore, this paper reviews the current status of research on the role of acupuncture in the treatment of FGIDs based on visceral hypersensitivity from the three aspects of peripheral, central, and intestinal nerves.