马克思主义哲学中实践观的意义再思考

Rethinking the Significance of the Practice View in Marxist Philosophy

摘要: 马克思科学实践观的阐发对于马克思主义哲学整体而言具有基础性的意义，任何研究马克思主义哲学的工作都不能避开实践观。实践观是马克思主义哲学最基本最首要的观点，其基础性和首要性可从三个方面加以解读，分别是从马克思主义哲学的源起、主线和归宿来历史性地考察实践观的地位和意义。科学实践观的建立使得马克思主义哲学的主体部分得以建成，很难明确划分实践观的形成与马克思主义哲学的形成这二者的先后顺序和边界。深入到马克思主义哲学的具体内容中，也不难看出实践观是其中的重要组成部分，以直接或间接的方式论证着马克思主义哲学中其他的重要观点，成为一种主线式的存在。马克思在哲学事业起始之初就旨在改变现存世界，正确认识世界归根到底也是为了更好地改变世界，这是马克思主义哲学的使命，因此实践观又是马克思主义哲学的归宿。

Abstract: The exposition of Marx’s scientific practice view is of fundamental significance to Marxist philosophy as a whole. Any research on Marxist philosophy cannot avoid the practice view. The practice view is the most basic and primary viewpoint of Marxist philosophy. Its fundamentality and primaryity are interpreted from three aspects, namely, the historical examination of the status and significance of the practice view from the origin, main line and destination of Marxist philosophy. The establishment of the scientific practice view enables the main part of Marxist philosophy to be built. It is difficult to clearly divide the order and boundary between the formation of the practice view and the formation of Marxist philosophy. Going deep into the specific content of Marxist philosophy, it is not difficult to see that the practice view is an important part of it, which directly or indirectly proves other important viewpoints in Marxist philosophy and becomes a main line. At the beginning of his philosophical career, Marx aimed to change the existing world. In the final analysis, correctly understanding the world is also for the purpose of better changing the world. This is the mission of Marxist philosophy. Therefore, the practice view is the destination of Marxist philosophy.