青年高血压患者服药依从性现况调查及影响因素分析

Survey on Medication Adherence among Young Hypertensive Patients and Analysis of Influencing Factors

摘要: 目的：了解青年高血压患者服药依从性的现状，分析其影响因素，为提高青年高血压患者的服药依从性提供参考。方法：选取2023年1月至2023年11月在西安交通大学第一附属医院就诊且符合纳入标准的224例青年高血压患者，参考中文版8条目Morisky服药依从性量表(MMAS-8)自行设计问卷进行调查。采用多因素logistic回归分析研究青年高血压患者服药依从性的影响因素。结果：在224例青年高血压患者中，108例(48.21%)患者服药依从性良好，116例(51.79%)患者服药依从性差。多因素logistic回归分析显示：年龄35~44岁(OR = 5.12)、文化程度高中至大专(OR = 0.52)、家庭月收入3000~7000元(OR = 4.74)和>7000元(OR = 15.24)、居住在城市(OR = 7.10)、高血压诊断年限3~5年(OR = 2.23)和>5年(OR = 4.95)是青年高血压患者服药依从性的促进因素；女性(OR = 0.39)、自费(OR = 1.90)、未婚(OR = 1.76)是青年高血压患者服药依从性的制约因素。结论：病程长、年龄大的青年高血压患者服药依从性整体较好。针对服药依从性差的患者，应加强健康科普教育、设置服药提醒、鼓励家庭成员共同参与，并提供个性化治疗方案，以提高青年高血压患者的服药依从性。

Abstract: Objective: To understand the current situation of medication adherence in young hypertensive patients, analyze its influencing factors, and provide a reference for improving medication adherence in young hypertensive patients. Methods: 224 young hypertensive patients who attended the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2023 to November 2023 and met the inclusion criteria were selected and surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire with reference to the Chinese version of the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the factors influencing medication adherence in young hypertensive patients. Results: Among 224 young hypertensive patients, 108 patients (48.21%) had good medication adherence and 116 patients (51.79%) had poor medication adherence. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age 35~44 years old (OR = 5.12), education level high school to college (OR = 0.52), monthly family income 3000~7000 yuan (OR = 4.74) and >7000 yuan (OR = 15.24), living in the city (OR = 7.10), years of hypertension diagnosis 3~5 years (OR = 2.23) and >5 years (OR = 4.95) were facilitators of medication adherence in young hypertensive patients; being female (OR = 0.39), self-paying (OR = 1.90), and being unmarried (OR = 1.76) were constraints to medication adherence in young hypertensive patients. Conclusion: Young hypertensive patients with long disease duration and older age had better medication adherence overall. For patients with poor medication adherence, health education should be strengthened, medication reminders should be set, family members should be encouraged to participate, and personalized treatment plans should be provided to improve medication adherence in young hypertensive patients.