血液流变学在突聋治疗中的研究进展

Advances in Hemorheology in the Treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

摘要: 突发性感音神经性聋(突聋)是当前耳科领域一种常见且病因尚不明确的疾病。该病近年来有更加年轻化的趋势，尽管部分患者具有一定的自愈能力，但多数患者的预后并不理想，常导致永久性听力损失，进而严重影响其生活质量。该疾病的发病机制错综复杂，内耳微循环障碍是其中一个备受关注的病因。血管的痉挛、狭窄，血液黏度的升高和高凝状态，血栓的形成，栓子的堵塞等因素都会影响内耳微循环，进而导致突聋的发生。针对于此可以采用相关的血液流变学治疗，包括了稀释血液、改善血液流动度以及降低血液黏稠度。具体可以使用巴曲酶、银杏叶提取物等药物达到治疗目的，本文就此血液流变学在突聋中的治疗作出综述。

Abstract: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a prevalent yet etiologically unclear disease in the field of otology. In recent years, there has been a trend of younger onset for this condition. Although some patients exhibit a certain degree of spontaneous recovery, the prognosis for the majority is unfavorable, often leading to permanent hearing impairment and subsequently severely impacting their quality of life. The pathogenesis of SSHL is intricate, with microcirculation disorders of the inner ear being a notable etiological factor. Factors such as vascular spasm, stenosis, increased blood viscosity and hypercoagulability, thrombus formation, and embolism obstruction can all affect the microcirculation of the inner ear, ultimately resulting in the occurrence of SSHL. In response to this, relevant hemorheological treatments can be adopted, including blood dilution, improvement of blood fluidity, and reduction of blood viscosity. Specifically, drugs such as batroxobin and ginkgo biloba extract can be used to achieve therapeutic goals. This article provides a comprehensive review of the application of hemorheology in the treatment of SSHL.