2020~2024年英语全国新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解试题内容效度历时研究

A Chronological Study on the Content Validity of Reading Comprehension Test Content in the 2020~2024 National College Entrance Examination Volume I

摘要: 本研究以2020~2024年英语全国新高考I卷阅读理解试题的20篇阅读文章，共75道测试题为研究对象，根据Bachman和Palmer“任务特征”模式，结合普通高中英语课程标准中的相关定义，从语篇输入和预期回答两个方面对其进行分析。结果表明，近五年的全国I卷总体上符合课标和考试说明的要求，内容效度较高。但也在个别文章的话题广泛性、文章长度布局合理性以及阅读技能考查的全面性等方面存在不足。为了优化高考英语阅读理解试题的质量，提升高考试题对英语教育的反拨作用，命题者应合理安排各个阅读技能的考查题目数量；广泛采用不同主题语境和话题的文章；注重关键能力的全面考查；进一步提高高考英语试卷的内容效度。

Abstract: This study focuses on 20 reading articles and a total of 75 test questions from the 2020~2024 National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) Part I Reading Comprehension Test. Based on the Bachman and Palmer “task characteristics” model and relevant definitions in the general high school English curriculum standards, the study analyzes them from the perspectives of discourse input and expected answers. The results indicate that the national Grade I papers in the past five years generally meet the requirements of the curriculum standards and examination instructions, with high content validity. However, there are also shortcomings in the breadth of topics, reasonable length and layout of individual articles, and comprehensive testing of reading skills. In order to optimize the quality of English reading comprehension tests in college entrance examination and improve the backsetting effect of higher test questions on English education, the proselytizer should reasonably arrange the number of test questions for each reading skill. Articles with a wide range of thematic contexts and topics should be adopted. Test questions should focus on a comprehensive examination of key competencies so that the content validity of college entrance examination English papers can be improved.