济南市大气中优先控制挥发性有机物的筛选研究
Screening of Volatile Organic Compounds for Priority Control in the Atmosphere of Jinan
DOI: 10.12677/aep.2024.146172, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 刘颖瑜, 王宝琳*, 张 锐, 田子腾, 姚雪瑞, 艾煜程, 牛文鑫, 牟洪石, 孙佳欣, 许崇庆, 王 琛*：齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)环境科学与工程学部，山东 济南；范国兰：山东省济南生态环境监测中心，山东 济南
关键词: 挥发性有机物；污染特征；综合环境效应评估；优先控制物种；Volatile Organic Compounds； Pollution characterization； Integrated Environmental Effects Assessment； Priority Control of Species
摘要: 随着社会和经济的高速发展，我国以细颗粒物(PM2.5)和臭氧(O3)为主要特征污染物的复合型大气污染日益显著。挥发性有机物(VOCs)作为O3和PM2.5生成的重要前体物，对其采取有效管控措施是大气环境治理的重要内容。本研究基于VOCs连续监测数据，探讨了济南市VOCs的污染特征、关键活性组分、毒性效应，并选取臭氧生成潜势(OFP)、二次气溶胶生成潜势(SOAP)、毒性效应这三个指标，建立了综合评估体系，进一步对VOCs优先控制物种进行筛选。结果表明，济南市不同类别VOCs浓度从高到低依次为烷烃、OVOCs (含氧挥发性有机物)、卤代烃、烯烃、芳香烃、炔烃及含硫化合物。TVOCs的日变化特征呈现“双峰型”，与交通早晚高峰密切相关。烯烃和芳香烃对OFP的贡献最高，芳香烃对SOAP的贡献最高，因此烯烃和芳香烃对济南市二次污染物的生成贡献最大。通过赋值进行综合评分，得出济南市优先控制VOCs物种依次为：苯、甲苯、间/对–二甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、乙烯、苯乙烯、丙烯、丙酮和异戊二烯。
Abstract: With the rapid development of society and economy, the comprehensive air pollution in China with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) as the main characteristic pollutants is increasingly significant. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as the important precursors for the formation of O3 and PM2.5, are vital components of effective control measures in atmospheric environment management. Based on the continuous monitoring data of VOCs, this study explored the pollution characteristics, critical reactive components, and toxic effects of VOCs in Jinan City. A comprehensive assessment system was established based on the ozone generation potential (OFP), secondary aerosol generation potential (SOAP) and toxic effects, to further screen the priority species for the control of VOCs. The results showed that the concentrations of different categories of VOCs in Jinan City were, in descending order, alkanes, OVOCs, halogenated hydrocarbons, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, acetylene and sulphur-containing compounds. The daily variation of TVOCs showed a bimodal pattern, which was highly correlated with the morning and evening peaks of traffic. Alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons had the highest contribution to OFP, and aromatic hydrocarbons had the highest contribution to SOAP, so alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons contributed most to secondary pollutants generation in Jinan. The results of the comprehensive effects assessment indicated that the priority VOCs species to be controlled in Jinan were benzene, toluene, m/p-xylene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, ethylene, styrene, propene, acetone and isoprene.
文章引用：刘颖瑜, 王宝琳, 张锐, 田子腾, 姚雪瑞, 艾煜程, 牛文鑫, 牟洪石, 孙佳欣, 范国兰, 许崇庆, 王琛. 济南市大气中优先控制挥发性有机物的筛选研究[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2024, 14(6): 1372-1382. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2024.146172

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