基于自动化监测技术的煤系地层运营隧道变形机理分析

Deformation Mechanism Analysis of Coal Measure Strata Operational Tunnel Based on Automatic Monitoring Technology

摘要: 为探究煤系地层铁路运营隧道衬砌裂损和轨道上拱的变形机理，以贵州省安顺市黄织线磨雄隧道为例，考虑煤系地层及重载振动对隧道的特殊影响，基于地质调查、病害调查及测量机器人变形监测方法，进行变形机理综合分析。结果表明：1) 隧道穿越地质条件较为复杂，洞身穿越二叠系龙潭组(P2l)，该地层含多层煤，属高瓦斯地层，围岩属于整体较破碎的弱风化软岩，岩体整体稳定性较差；2) 轨道主要在竖向上产生位移，在中间K18+638~K18+672监测区域有明显的抬升现象，在水平方向上也有较大的向左位移趋势，隧道结构则在监测区域K18+638~K18+672内，有较大的向隧道两侧位移趋势，在竖向上也有较弱的沉降现象；3) 隧道产生的变形由围岩岩性、地应力、地下水、列车荷载等原因造成，多种应力与荷载相结合后，会加剧隧道结构受到的破坏，从而引起隧道的变形。

Abstract: In order to investigate the lining cracking and deformation mechanism of the railway operation tunnel in coal measure formation and track arch, taking the Moxiong tunnel in Huangzhixian, Anshun City, Guizhou Province as an example, the deformation mechanism was comprehensively analyzed based on the geological survey, disease investigation, and deformation monitoring by measuring robot, considering the special influence of coal measure formation and heavy load vibration on the tunnel. The results show that: 1) The geological conditions of the tunnel are relatively complex, and the tunnel passes through the Permian Longtan Formation (P2l), which contains multiple layers of coal and belongs to the high-gas formation. The surrounding rock belongs to the weakly weathered soft rock with a relatively broken whole, and the overall stability of the rock is poor; 2) The track mainly undergoes displacement in the vertical direction. A distinct uplifting phenomenon is observed in the monitoring area ranging from K18+638 to K18+672. There is also a significant leftward displacement tendency in the horizontal direction. As for the tunnel structure, within the monitoring area from K18+638 to K18+672, there is a considerable displacement trend towards both sides of the tunnel and a relatively weak settlement phenomenon in the vertical direction. 3) The deformation of the tunnel is caused by surrounding rock lithology, ground stress, groundwater, train load, etc. The combination of various stresses and loads will aggravate the damage to the tunnel structure and cause the deformation of the tunnel.