一种防水锁剂GDS-2的合成与性能评价

Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of a Waterproof Lock Agent GDS-2

摘要: 长庆油田陇东油田属于低渗、特低渗油田，在油田的开采过程中，由于长期注水导致井筒因结垢堵塞而使渗透率下降、油层吸水能力下降，造成注水压力升高、注水量不达标，地层能量得不到及时补充，水锁损害严重，油井产量下降，需要注入合适的表面活性剂水溶液，防止水锁损害的发生。为此在室内选取含长碳链和芳香基团的癸基酚、含羧酸基团的氯乙酸和对称结构的己二酰氯来合成羧酸盐型双子表面活性剂GDS-2，通过傅立叶变换红外光谱和元素分析确定了制备的样品为最终目标产物，经过实验测试，1% GDS-2水溶液表面张力可达27 mN/m左右，煤油/GDS-2溶液界面张力为0.23 mN/m，同时具有良好的抗温和抗盐性能，通过和市面上一些性能较好的表面活性剂对比，GDS-2性能更为优异，可以作为油气田开发的防水锁剂。

Abstract: Changqing Oilfield Longdong Oilfield belongs to low permeability and ultra-low permeability oilfield. In the process of oilfield exploitation, long-term water injection causes the wellbore due to fouling and blockage, resulting in a decrease in permeability and a decrease in water absorption capacity of the reservoir. This leads to an increase in water injection pressure. The water injection is not up to standard, the formation energy can not be replenished in time, the water lock damage is serious, and the oil well production decreases. It is necessary to inject appropriate surfactant aqueous solution to prevent the occurrence of water lock damage. Therefore, decylphenol containing long carbon chain and aromatic group, chloroacetic acid containing carboxylic acid group and adipyl chloride with symmetrical structure were selected to synthesize the carboxylate type gemini surfactant GDS-2 in the laboratory. The prepared sample was determined as the final target product by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. After experimental testing, the surface tension of 1% GDS-2 aqueous solution could reach about 27mN/m, and the interfacial tension of kerosene/GDS-2 solution was 0.23mN/m, and it had good temperature and salt resistance. Compared with some surfactants with better performance on the market, GDS-2 has better performance and can be used as a waterproof lock agent for oil and gas field development.