人尿源性干细胞在再生医学中的研究进展及应用
Research Progress and Application of Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine
摘要: 间充质干细胞可以从多种不同的组织中分离出来，是一类具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜力的细胞，在再生医学和组织工程学中扮演着“种子细胞”的重要角色，也是近年来研究的热点。它们可以来源于各种组织或体液，包括骨髓、脂肪组织、牙髓组织、脐带血等，然而，获取以上组织中干细胞的方法大多具有一定的侵入性，并可能存在出血、感染等潜在的并发症，表现出一定局限性。因此，寻找一种稳定、无创的干细胞来源是非常有意义的。人类的尿液虽然是一种生物性废物，但其中可提取出少量间充质干细胞，被命名为人尿源性干细胞(hUSCs)。hUSCs采集程序具有简单、安全、低成本和无创的特点，目前研究表明，hUSCs可以诱导成多种成熟细胞，包括脂肪细胞、骨细胞、平滑肌细胞等，具有很大的研究价值，故本文就hUSCs在再生医学中的研究进展及应用展开综述。
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from various tissues and are a type of cell with self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. They play an important role as “seed cells” in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, and are also a hot research topic in recent years. They can come from various tissues or body fluids, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, dental pulp tissue, umbilical cord blood, etc. However, most methods of obtaining stem cells from these tissues are invasive and may have potential complications such as bleeding and infection, showing certain limitations. Therefore, finding a stable and non-invasive source of stem cells is very meaningful. Although human urine is a type of biological waste, a small amount of mesenchymal stem cells can be extracted from it, which are named human urine-derived stem cells (hUSCs). The hUSCs collection program has the characteristics of simplicity, safety, low cost, and non invasiveness. Current research has shown that hUSCs can induce the formation of various mature cells, including adipocytes, bone cells, smooth muscle cells, etc., which has great research value. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress and applications of hUSCs in regenerative medicine.
文章引用：刘紫妍, 戴红卫. 人尿源性干细胞在再生医学中的研究进展及应用[J]. 临床个性化医学, 2024, 3(4): 2660-2665. https://doi.org/10.12677/jcpm.2024.34378

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