基于数据挖掘分析揭示中医药治疗轻度认知障碍的核心用药规律

Revealing the Core Medication Patterns of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Data Mining Analysis

摘要: 目的：通过系统收集和分析中医药治疗轻度认知障碍的临床文献，运用数据挖掘技术揭示中药复方的用药规律和核心药物组合，为临床治疗提供科学依据。方法：检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library等数据库，收集中医药治疗轻度认知障碍的临床文献。按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献，使用Excel对数据进行系统化录入和规范化处理。采用频数分析、关联规则和聚类分析等数据挖掘方法，对中药的性味、归经、功效等进行统计和分析。结果：共纳入549首中药复方，涉及445种中药，累计频次为6583次。高频使用的中药包括熟地黄、黄芪、山茱萸等。关联规则分析得出28组核心药物组合，其中熟地黄与山茱萸的组合频次最高。聚类分析将核心中药分为五类，反映了中医用药的配伍特点。针对频次最高的肾精亏虚证，挖掘出核心复方，包括熟地黄、山茱萸、巴戟天等16味中药。结论：中医药治疗轻度认知障碍的用药以滋补肝肾、益气健脾、安神益智为主要策略，核心复方的挖掘为临床辨证施治提供了参考。数据挖掘技术有效揭示了中药复方的用药规律，可为轻度认知障碍的中医药防治研究提供新思路。

Abstract: Objective: To systematically collect and analyze clinical literature on the treatment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), employing data mining techniques to uncover medication patterns and core herbal combinations, thereby providing scientific evidence for clinical treatment. Methods: Clinical literature on TCM treatment of MCI was retrieved from databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, China Biomedical Literature Service System, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Literature was screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data were systematically entered and standardized using Excel. Data mining methods including frequency analysis, association rules, and cluster analysis were used to statistically analyze the properties, meridian tropism, and efficacy of the Chinese herbs. Results: A total of 549 TCM prescriptions were included, involving 445 Chinese herbs with a cumulative frequency of 6,583. Frequently used herbs included Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Astragali Radix, and Corni Fructus. Association rule analysis identified 28 core herb combinations, with the combination of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata and Corni Fructus having the highest frequency. Cluster analysis categorized the core herbs into five groups, reflecting the compatibility characteristics of TCM prescriptions. For the most frequent syndrome of kidney essence deficiency, core prescriptions were identified, including 16 herbs such as Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Corni Fructus, and Morindae Officinalis Radix. Conclusion: The use of TCM in treating MCI primarily focuses on nourishing the liver and kidney, tonifying Qi and strengthening the spleen, and calming the mind and enhancing intelligence. The identification of core prescriptions provides references for clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment. Data mining techniques effectively revealed the medication patterns of TCM prescriptions, offering new insights for the prevention and treatment research of MCI with TCM.