呼伦贝尔地区金莲花优质种质筛选及抗旱性研究

Study on Quality Germplasm Screening and Drought Resistance of Trollius chinensis Bunge in Hulunbuir

摘要: 本研究探究干旱胁迫对金莲花(Trollius chinensis Bunge)生长及品质的影响，为选育金莲花种质以及干旱或半干旱地区的栽培提供理论参考。首先，从呼伦贝尔6个产区中筛选出优质种质。然后，对优质种质栽培并进行干旱实验，设置4个干旱梯度：CK (正常水分，土壤含水率15%~20%)、LD (轻度干旱，土壤含水率12%~15%)、MD (中度干旱，土壤含水率5%~10%)、SD (重度干旱，土壤含水率5%以下)。最后，测定金莲花光合作用、形态生长以及药用成分等指标。在LD和MD处理下，金莲花表现出显著的生长优势，株高分别增加了20.47%和8.29%。然而，随着干旱程度的加剧，金莲花的光合作用效率明显下降，同时株高受到显著抑制。此外，在LD处理下，黄酮类药用成分的含量(荭草苷和牡荆素)在金莲花中显著增加。综上所述，轻度干旱条件促进金莲花的生长和药用活性成分的积累。

Abstract: The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of drought stress on the photosynthesis, growth and quality of Trollius chinensis Bunge. Furthermore, it provides theoretical references for the selection and breeding of T. chinensis germplasm and for cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions. First, high-quality germplasm was screened from six production areas in Hulunbuir. Then, the high quality germplasm was cultivated and subjected to drought experiments, and four drought gradients were established: CK (normal moisture, soil water content 15%~20%), LD (light drought, soil water content 12%~15%), MD (moderate drought, soil water content 5%~10%) and SD (severe drought, soil water content below 5%). Finally, indicators of photosynthesis, morphological growth and medicinal constituents of T. chinensis were determined. The results showed that T.chinensis exhibited significant growth advantages under LD and MD, and its plant height increased by 20.47% and 8.29% respectively. However, the photosynthetic efficiency of T.chinensis decreased significantly with the further intensification of drought, while its plant height was also significantly suppressed. In addition, the flavonoid medicinal components (orientin and ouabain) exhibited a notable increase in concentration in T. chinensis under LD treatment. Light drought conditions are favourable to the morphological growth and the accumulation of medicinally active ingredients of T. chinensis.