蒙医学对膝关节炎的认识和治疗概述

Overview of Mongolian Medicine’s Understanding and Treatment of Knee Arthritis

摘要: 膝关节炎(OA)是全球常见关节疾病，患病率高且随年龄增长上升。蒙医学认为其发病与三根失衡、七素失调及黄水积聚相关，受饮食、起居、体质等因素影响，可分为热性和寒性黄水病。蒙医学治疗膝关节炎方法多样，内治法如蒙药辨证论治，外治法包括温针、针刺结合拔罐放血、熏蒸、沙疗、喷酒按摩、药浴疗法等，临床研究表明这些方法在缓解疼痛、改善关节功能等方面有显著疗效，蒙医综合疗法优势明显。研究多采用VAS、Lysholm评分等评估，虽显示蒙医治疗安全性高、不良反应少，但仍需更多高质量研究。蒙医学为膝关节炎治疗提供新思路，具有重要医学和社会意义。

Abstract: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease worldwide, with a high incidence rate that increases with age. Mongolian medicine believes that its onset is related to the imbalance of the three roots, the imbalance of the seven elements, and the accumulation of yellow water. Influenced by factors such as diet, daily life, and physical constitution, it can be divided into heat and cold yellow water diseases. Mongolian medicine has a variety of methods for treating knee arthritis, including internal treatment methods such as Mongolian medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment, and external treatment methods such as warm needling, acupuncture combined with cupping and bloodletting, fumigation, sand therapy, alcohol spray massage, medicinal bath therapy, etc. Clinical studies have shown that these methods have significant therapeutic effects in relieving pain and improving joint function, and Mongolian medicine comprehensive therapy has obvious advantages. Research often uses assessments such as VAS and Lysholm scores. Although it shows that Mongolian medicine treatment has high safety and fewer adverse reactions, more high-quality studies are still needed. Mongolian medicine provides new ideas for the treatment of knee arthritis, which has important medical and social significance.