清代新疆城门的赐名及文化意蕴

The Naming and Cultural Implication of Xinjiang City Gate in Qing Dynasty

摘要: 作为王朝国家对于边疆名物指称关系构建的文化实践行为。清代新疆城门的赐名过程以乾隆皇帝及军机近要大臣为命名决策主体，体现出官方对于命名过程的掌握。而中央王朝对于新疆城门的命名也将古代文本体系中所有的构式单位语素与符号所指的文字表达运用至文化的编码中，进行文化理念的阐述。其中包括，通过对城门的赐名体现大一统理念的文化观念，宣扬北极星象符号的文化内涵与仁德的治民理念，寓抽象的意义系统于具象的器物之中，说明新疆属于中央王朝的版图归属，中央对于边疆的道德关怀及中央与边疆在文化上的融合，使得清代新疆城门的名称具有丰富的文化意蕴。而城名的命名也为清代官方除文本主线外，文化传播和构建的另一途径，并与文本系统形成互文性的场域。加之其视觉性，不断深化着名称接收者、文化解码者的认知，对于促进新疆文化的发展有重要作用。

Abstract: As a cultural practice of the dynastic state to construct the referential relationship of border famous objects. The naming process of Xinjiang city gate in Qing Dynasty took Emperor Qian Long and minister of military aircraft as the main decision-making body, which reflected the official mastery of the naming process. The naming of the city gate of Xinjiang by the Central Dynasty also applied the literal expression referred to by all the constructional unit morphemes and symbols in the ancient text system to the cultural coding and expounded the cultural concept. Among them, the naming of the city gate reflects the cultural concept of great unity, promotes the cultural connotation of the Arctic star symbol and the idea of governing the people with benevolence, integrates abstract meaning system into concrete objects, explains the territory belonging of Xinjiang to the Central dynasty, the moral concern of the central government for the frontier and the cultural integration of the central government and the frontier. The name of the gate of Xinjiang city in Qing Dynasty has rich cultural meaning. In addition to the main line of the text, the naming of the city is another way of cultural transmission and construction in Qing Dynasty, and forms an intertextuality field with the text system. In addition, its visual character continuously deepens the cognition of name receivers and cultural decoders, and plays an important role in promoting the development of Xinjiang culture.