智能螺栓轴力监测技术在轨交车辆上的应用研究
Research on the Application of Intelligent Bolt Axial Force Monitoring Technology on Rail Vehicles
摘要: 轨道交通系统的安全稳定运行是保障乘客出行安全的基石，然而长期高速运行易引发螺栓松动及脱落风险，对行车安全构成严峻挑战。传统螺栓松动检测方法主要依赖人工巡检与定期维护，但存在效率低下、成本高昂及漏检风险等问题。为克服这些局限性，智能螺栓技术应运而生，并在轨道交通领域展现出显著优势。该技术首先从理论层面深入分析了螺栓连接的受力机理，精确计算出正常工况载荷下螺栓松动的轴力临界值，并据此合理设定预警阈值。智能螺栓能够实时监测螺栓状态并提供预警，及时发现并解决螺栓松动问题，有望有效降低维护成本，适当延长运营维护检测周期，进而全面提升轨道交通系统的安全性和可靠性。
Abstract: The safe and stable operation of rail transportation system is the cornerstone to ensure the safety of passenger travel. However, long-term high-speed operation is prone to the risk of bolt loosening and dislodging, which poses a serious challenge to the safety of travel. Traditional bolt loosening detection methods mainly rely on manual inspection and regular maintenance, but there are problems such as low efficiency, high cost and the risk of leakage. In order to overcome these limitations, intelligent bolt technology has emerged, and has shown significant advantages in the field of rail transportation. The technology firstly analyzes the force mechanism of bolt connection from the theoretical level, accurately calculates the critical value of axial force of bolt loosening under normal working load, and reasonably sets the warning threshold accordingly. Intelligent bolt can monitor the bolt status in real time and provide early warning to find and solve the bolt loosening problem in time, which is expected to effectively reduce the maintenance cost, appropriately extend the operation and maintenance inspection cycle, and then comprehensively improve the safety and reliability of the rail transportation system.
文章引用：陈超. 智能螺栓轴力监测技术在轨交车辆上的应用研究[J]. 交通技术, 2025, 14(1): 119-131. https://doi.org/10.12677/ojtt.2025.141013

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