新型基础设施建设投资对区域碳排放的影响

The Impact of New Infrastructure Investment on Regional Carbon Emissions

摘要: 以“5G”、“云计算”等为代表的新型基础设施为经济稳定以及高质量增长提供了新机遇，在推动城市绿色产业链关联以及传统污染行业的深度改造上具有重要意义。文章使用2002~2019年省级面板数据，测算新基建的资本存量，采用双固定效应检验新基建资本投入对城市碳排放的影响及其机制。研究表明：新型基础设施建设资本投入显著降低了城市碳排放量，其主要传导机制是优化产业结构和改善能源消费结构。这一结论经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。进一步的异质性分析发现，新型基础设施资本投入的碳排放效应在工业基础好、行政级别高、经济发展水平高的城市影响更为显著。研究结论为推动我国实现碳达峰碳中和目标，促进城市高质量发展提供了新的经验证据。

Abstract: The new infrastructure represented by “5G” and “cloud computing” provides “new fundamental opportunities” for economic stability and high-quality growth, and is of great significance in promoting the correlation of urban green industrial chains and the in-depth transformation of traditional polluting industries. The article uses provincial panel data from 2002 to 2019 to measure the capital stock of the new infrastructure and adopts the double fixed effect to test the impact and mechanism of capital input of the new infrastructure on urban carbon emissions. The research shows that the capital input of new infrastructure construction significantly reduces urban carbon emissions, and its main transmission mechanism is to optimize the industrial structure and improve the energy consumption structure. This conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests. Further heterogeneity analysis finds that the carbon emission effect of capital input of new infrastructure is more significant in cities with a good industrial foundation, a high administrative level, and a high level of economic development. The research conclusion provides new empirical evidence for promoting China to achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality and promoting high-quality urban development.