员工–配偶感知工作肮脏一致性对工作家庭冲突的影响研究

A Study on the Impact of Employee-Spouse Perceived Dirty Work Consistency on Work-Family Conflict

摘要: 随着经济的发展以及一系列社会问题的凸显，国家大力提倡适龄夫妇生育二孩、三孩，双职工家庭无疑面临着前所未有的来自工作、生活上的多重压力。在工作要求–资源模型和溢出–交叉模型的基础上，本研究从肮脏工作者视角出发，通过多项式回归与响应面分析，发现员工–配偶感知工作肮脏“双低”匹配所经历的情绪耗竭更小，情绪耗竭在员工–配偶感知工作肮脏一致性与工作家庭冲突之间起中介作用。因此我们建议，组织应加强对从事肮脏工作的员工以及其家庭成员的关注和关怀，在制度上补偿和支持，意识上理解和尊重，情感上关怀和疏导。同时，夫妻间也应加强沟通和交流，及时疏导负面情绪，共同对抗来自外界的污名和压力，以缓解工作家庭冲突。

Abstract: With the development of the economy and the emergence of a series of social issues, the state strongly advocates that couples of childbearing age have two or three children. Dual-earner families undoubtedly face unprecedented multiple pressures from work and life. Based on the Job Demands-Resources model and the Spillover-Crossover model, this study, from the perspective of “dirty workers,” employs polynomial regression and response surface analysis to find that employees and their spouses who perceive a “double low” match in job dirtiness experience less emotional exhaustion, and emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship between employee-spouse perceived job dirtiness consistency and work-family conflict. Therefore, we suggest that organizations should strengthen their attention and care for employees engaged in dirty work and their family members, providing compensation and support in terms of systems, understanding and respect in terms of awareness, and care and guidance in terms of emotions. At the same time, couples should also enhance communication and exchange, promptly channel negative emotions, jointly resist stigma and pressure from the outside world, and alleviate work-family conflict.