功能对等理论下的被动句研究——以《联合国国际贸易法委员会仲裁规则》为例

On the Study of the Passive Sentences under the Functional Equivalence Theory—A Case Study of the UNCITRAL Arbitrations Rules

摘要: 随着经济全球化范围的扩大以及新冠疫情后经济的复苏，各国贸易逐步加强。鉴于这一局势，笔者选择了《联合国国际贸易法委员会仲裁规则》2010年修订版这一材料作为研究对象，该材料提供了一套全面的程序规则，可用于解决多类争议，如商事当事人间的争议，国与国间的争议等。各方当事人都需认真研读本规则，所以对本规则的翻译研究十分重要。法律英语作为一种专业语言，结构较为严谨，严肃庄重。为了有效分析本篇材料中的被动句，笔者选定功能对等理论作为指导理论。具体来说，笔者根据被动句使用的翻译方法分类，对法律文本中被动句的句法结构进行分析，以期填补国内法律文本翻译研究的空白。通过本次研究，笔者深有感悟。在对法律文本中被动句进行翻译时，译者首先应当结合语境，理解句子的重点，从而选择将英文被动句翻译为被动句、主动句或判断句，力求实现源语言和目标语的对等。

Abstract: With the expansion of the scope of economic globalization and the recovery of the economy after the epidemic, international trade has gradually strengthened. Considering this situation, the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules, as revised in 2010 was chosen to be the research subject, which provides a comprehensive set of procedural rules that can be used to resolve many types of disputes, such as disputes between commercial parties, disputes between countries, etc. T All parties involved must thoroughly study these rules, making the translation and research of these regulations critically important. As a professional language, the structure of legal English is serious and dignified. In order to effectively analyze the passive sentences of this material, the author has chosen Eugene A. Nida’s functional equivalence theory as a guiding theory. Specifically, the author analyzes the syntactic structure of legal texts according to the classification of translation methods for passive sentences, with a view to filling the gaps in the domestic study of the translation of legal texts. Through this study, the author gained insightful insights. Translators should adopt various translation methods, such as translating English passive sentences into Chinese passive sentences, active sentences, and judgment sentences, after catching the point of a sentence by analyzing the context, in order to achieve equivalence between the source language and the target language.