儿童亚临床心血管疾病的研究进展

Research Progress of Subclinical Cardiovascular Diseases in Children

摘要: 儿童亚临床心血管疾病虽无明显临床表现，但存在血管功能损害与结构改变，与临床心血管疾病相比，具有隐匿性，早期干预意义重大。当前，儿童青少年亚临床心血管疾病发病率呈上升趋势，预防和干预刻不容缓。遗传因素赋予其发病倾向，生活方式因素如不良饮食、运动不足、作息紊乱，以及肥胖、高血压、高血脂、高血糖等，都是重要的危险因素。针对这些，应采取生活方式干预，如合理饮食、适量运动、规律作息，同时加强定期筛查与监测，开展全面的健康教育。早期干预和预防对儿童亚临床心血管疾病的防控意义重大，未来需要持续关注儿童心血管健康，深入研究防控策略。

Abstract: Although there are no obvious clinical manifestations of subclinical cardiovascular disease in children, there are vascular function damage and structural changes, which are insidious compared with clinical cardiovascular diseases, and early intervention is of great significance. At present, the incidence of subclinical cardiovascular diseases in children and adolescents is on the rise, and prevention and intervention are urgent. Genetic factors confer a predisposition to develop the disease, and lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, disturbed work and rest, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia are all important risk factors. In response to these, lifestyle interventions should be adopted, such as reasonable diet, moderate exercise, regular work and rest, regular screening and monitoring should be strengthened, and comprehensive health education should be carried out. Early intervention and prevention are of great significance to the prevention and control of children’s subclinical cardiovascular diseases, and it is necessary to continue to pay attention to children’s cardiovascular health and conduct in-depth research on prevention and control strategies in the future.