经鼻胃镜在上消化道癌群体筛查中的应用研究

Application Research of Transnasal Gastroscopy in Population-Based Screening for Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer

摘要: 目的：探讨经鼻胃镜在上消化道癌群体筛查中的应用价值。方法：2021-6-12至2024-6-23应用日本富士胶片提供的经鼻胃镜EG-580NW在甘肃省15个县区中对2995人进行上消化道癌内镜筛查，统计并分析其插入成功率、舒适度、不良反应、肿瘤及癌前病变发生率。结果：2995人次中92.2%一次插入成功，2.3%一侧失败改另一侧成功。检查过程中鼻腔不适8.7%、鼻部疼痛15.3%、鼻出血10.6%、恶心欲吐19%、咽喉不适或疼痛11.1%。检查后询问下次检查的意愿：94.39%愿意再次接受经鼻胃镜，3.24%愿意经口胃镜，另有2.37%愿意接受无痛内镜。结论：经鼻胃镜是上消化道癌群体筛查的有力武器，患者有较高的耐受性和依从性，可提高早癌和癌前病变的发现率。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the application value of transnasal gastroscopy in population-based screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: From June 12, 2021, to June 23, 2024, 2995 individuals underwent endoscopic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer using the transnasal gastroscope EG-580NW provided by Fujifilm in 15 counties and districts of Gansu Province. The success rate of insertion, comfort level, adverse reactions, and incidence rates of tumors and precancerous lesions were recorded and analyzed. Results: Of the 2995 participants, 92.2% experienced successful insertion on the first attempt, with 2.3% requiring a change to the opposite nasal passage. During the procedure, 8.7% reported nasal discomfort, 15.3% experienced nasal pain, 10.6% had nasal bleeding, 19% felt nauseous, and 11.1% reported throat discomfort or pain. Post-examination, 94.39% expressed a willingness to undergo transnasal endoscopy again, 3.24% preferred transoral endoscopy, and 2.37% opted for a painless endoscopy method. Conclusion: Transnasal endoscopy proves to be an effective method for population screening of upper gastrointestinal cancers, with high patient tolerance and compliance. It has the potential to enhance the detection rates of early-stage cancers and precancerous lesions.