民法典视角下夫妻间房屋赠与法律问题研究

Research on Legal Issues of House Gifts between Spouses from the Perspective of the Civil Code

摘要: 本文聚焦《民法典》视角下夫妻间房屋赠与法律问题。伴随社会发展，此问题在婚姻家庭财产关系中愈发关键。当前，其面临性质认定存争议、物权变动规则不明、第三人利益保护不足、司法裁判标准混乱等问题。这些问题源于法律规定模糊、夫妻关系特殊、利益平衡复杂等因素。为解决这些问题，文章提出相应对策。明确将夫妻间房屋赠与性质定位为夫妻财产制契约，完善相关规则。依据不同情形，精准界定“意思主义”与“形式主义”在物权变动规则中的适用条件，同时针对特殊情形制定专门规则。强化第三人利益保护，构建公示机制，清晰界定债权人撤销权的条件、程序与举证责任分配。通过这些举措，旨在保障夫妻、债权人及第三人的合法权益，维护家庭和谐与市场秩序，推动法律体系的完善。

Abstract: This paper delves into the legal aspects of house gifts between spouses under the Civil Code. As society evolves, this matter grows increasingly vital in marital property relations. Currently, it grapples with issues like nature-determination disputes, unclear property-right-change rules, inadequate third-party-interest protection, and chaotic judicial standards, which root in ambiguous laws, the unique spousal bond, and complex interest balancing. To resolve these, the paper offers countermeasures: defining such gifts as a spousal property system contract and refining related rules; precisely determining when “voluntarism” and “formalism” apply in property-right-change rules by differentiating scenarios and devising special rules for special cases; and bolstering third-party-interest protection through creating a publicity mechanism and clarifying creditors’ revocation-right conditions, procedures, and burden-of-proof distribution. Overall, these efforts aim to safeguard the rights of spouses, creditors, and third parties, preserve family harmony and market order, and promote the improvement of the legal system.