危机资源管理在应急培训中的应用现状与发展前景
Application Status and Development Prospect of Crisis Resource Management in Emergency Response Training
DOI: 10.12677/ssem.2025.142026, PDF,   
作者: 吕政鸣：国际关系学院国际政治系，北京；朱可辛：上海吉祥航空服务有限公司空勤培训中心，上海
关键词: 危机资源管理；应急；培训；Crisis Resource Management； Emergency； Training
摘要: 危机资源管理(Crisis resource management, CRM)原则可以概括为在危机情况下对个人和全体人员行为准则的阐述，侧重于动态决策、人际行为和团队管理的技能。本文通过概述CRM的发展历程及其在航空、医学、海运、消防、海上油气行业应急培训中的应用现状，分析当前CRM培训存在的不足。同时本文对CRM发展方向进行展望，包括：促进CRM和新技术、新要素融合发展，开展高水平的CRM培训效果评估研究，探索CRM在新行业(如海外风险防范领域)应急培训中的应用。
Abstract: Crisis resource management (CRM) can be summarized as the articulation of the principles of individual and crew behavior in crisis situations that focus on the skills of dynamic decision making, interpersonal behavior, and team management. In this paper, we present an overview of the CRM development process and its application status in emergency response training in aviation, medical, maritime, fire protection and offshore oil and gas industries. We then analyze the deficiencies of the current CRM training. Furthermore, we also gave an outlook on the development prospect of CRM, which includes promoting the integration and development of CRM and new technologies and elements, conducting high-quality research on effectiveness evaluation of CRM training, and exploring the application of CRM in emergency response training in new industries (such as overseas risk prevention fields).
文章引用：吕政鸣, 朱可辛. 危机资源管理在应急培训中的应用现状与发展前景[J]. 服务科学和管理, 2025, 14(2): 202-208. https://doi.org/10.12677/ssem.2025.142026

参考文献

[1] Helmreich, R. and Foushee, H. (1993) Why Crew Resource Management? Empirical and Theoretical Bases of Human Factors Training in Aviation. In: Cockpit Resource Management, 2nd Edition, Academic Press, 3-46.
[2] Gaba, D.M. (2010) Crisis Resource Management and Teamwork Training in Anaesthesia. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 105, 3-6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Adam, I., Samuel, D. and Andrew, D. (2013) The Comprehensive Textbook of Healthcare Simulation. Springer US, 95-109.
[4] Terzioğlu, M. (2023) The Effects of Crew Resource Management on Flight Safety Culture: Corporate Crew Resource Management (CRM 7.0). The Aeronautical Journal, 128, 1743-1766. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[5] Campaniço Cavaleiro, S., Gomes, C. and Lopes, M.P. (2020) Bridge Resource Management: Training for the Minimisation of Human Error in the Military Naval Context. Journal of Navigation, 73, 1146-1158. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[6] 柳露. 危机资源管理在手术室管理中的应用进展[J]. 循证护理, 2021, 7(6): 751-753.
[7] 陈俊, 史记法, 杨家忠. 机组资源管理训练效果评估研究综述[J]. 人类工效学, 2011, 17(4): 89-91.
[8] 杜红兵, 张庆庆. 民航机组资源管理训练效果评估模型[J]. 解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 17(3): 246-250.
[9] Johnston, S., Coyer, F.M. and Nash, R. (2018) Kirkpatrick’s Evaluation of Simulation and Debriefing in Health Care Education: A Systematic Review. Journal of Nursing Education, 57, 393-398. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Salas, E., Burke, C.S., Bowers, C.A. and Wilson, K.A. (2001) Team Training in the Skies: Does Crew Resource Management (CRM) Training Work? Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 43, 641-674. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Ford, J., Henderson, R. and O’Hare, D. (2014) The Effects of Crew Resource Management (CRM) Training on Flight Attendants’ Safety Attitudes. Journal of Safety Research, 48, 49-56. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Shahal, A. (2018) Error Reporting and Crew Resource Management in the Israeli Air Force: Managing Errors in Organizations. In: Hagen, J.U., Ed., How Could This Happen? Springer International Publishing, 253-263. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[13] Ashcroft, J., Wilkinson, A. and Khan, M. (2021) A Systematic Review of Trauma Crew Resource Management Training: What Can the United States and the United Kingdom Learn from Each Other? Journal of Surgical Education, 78, 245-264. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Buljac-Samardžić, M., Dekker-van Doorn, C.M. and Maynard, M.T. (2021) What Do We Really Know about Crew Resource Management in Healthcare? An Umbrella Review on Crew Resource Management and Its Effectiveness. Journal of Patient Safety, 17, e929-e958. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Bernardino-Santos, M., Arnal-Velasco, D., Reboto-Cortés, P., Garmendia-Fernandez, C., Renilla-Sánchez, E., Navalón-Liceras, R.J., et al. (2024) Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Training through Simulation Using the Crisis Resource Management Tool for Primary Care Professionals. Healthcare, 12, Article No. 230. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Chauvin, C., Lardjane, S., Morel, G., Clostermann, J. and Langard, B. (2013) Human and Organisational Factors in Maritime Accidents: Analysis of Collisions at Sea Using the HFACS. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 59, 26-37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Hetherington, C., Flin, R. and Mearns, K. (2006) Safety in Shipping: The Human Element. Journal of Safety Research, 37, 401-411. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Wahl, A.M. and Kongsvik, T. (2018) Crew Resource Management Training in the Maritime Industry: A Literature Review. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 17, 377-396. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[19] Röttger, S., Vetter, S. and Kowalski, J.T. (2015) Effects of a Classroom-Based Bridge Resource Management Training on Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviour and Performance of Junior Naval Officers. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 15, 143-162. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[20] Griffioen, J., van der Drift, M. and van den Broek, H. (2021) Enhancing Maritime Crew Resource Management Training by Applying Resilience Engineering: A Case Study of the Bachelor Maritime Officer Training Programme in Rotterdam. Education Sciences, 11, Article No. 378. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[21] Griffith, J., Roberts, D. and Wakeham, R. (2015) A Meta-Analysis of Crew Resource Management/Incident Command Systems Implementation Studies in the Fire and Emergency Services. The Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education and Research, 25, 1-25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[22] Hagemann, V., Kluge, A. and Greve, J. (2012) Measuring the Effects of Team Resource Management Training for the Fire Service. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 56, 2442-2446. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[23] Sneddon, A., Mearns, K. and Flin, R. (2017) Situation Awareness and Safety in Offshore Drill Crews. In: Salas, E., Ed., Situational Awareness, Routledge, 405-418. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[24] O’Connor, P. and Flin, R. (2003) Crew Resource Management Training for Offshore Oil Production Teams. Safety Science, 41, 591-609. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[25] Duruaku, F., Nguyen, B., Green, N., Sonnenfeld, N.A. and Jentsch, F. (2023) Suitability of Virtual Reality for Supplemental Scenario-Based Training to Facilitate Crew Resource Management Outcomes. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 67, 2394-2396. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[26] 李云龙, 王千, 金如和. 中国海外利益当前面临的安全风险与对策[J]. 中国经贸导刊, 2020(8): 39-41.

为你推荐