高RAP掺量沥青混合料性能优化研究进展

Research Progress on Performance Optimization of High RAP Content Asphalt Mixtures

摘要: 高RAP掺量沥青混合料在最大化利用废旧沥青、节约新材料消耗、减少环境负担方面具有显著优势，但同时面临黏弹性能下降、水稳定性不足、低温抗裂与疲劳性能衰减等问题。本文基于现有研究，从高RAP掺量对沥青混合料的性能影响机理、再生剂与改性剂的材料特性、配合比设计方法以及施工工艺优化等角度，系统梳理了高RAP掺量沥青混合料性能优化的研究进展。结果表明，科学选用再生剂和改性剂、合理配合比设计及精细化施工工艺控制均可在一定程度上弥补因高RAP掺量带来的性能劣化；此外，通过多尺度表征与数值模拟方法可进一步量化新旧沥青的融合过程，为材料设计的优化提供理论支撑。本文在分析现有优化高RAP掺量沥青混合料路用性能方法的同时，提出了存在的问题和未来的发展方向，供相关领域道路工作者参考。

Abstract: High RAP content asphalt mixtures offer significant advantages in maximizing the utilization of reclaimed asphalt pavement, reducing the consumption of new materials, and decreasing environmental burdens. However, they also face challenges such as diminished viscoelastic properties, insufficient water stability, reduced low-temperature cracking resistance, and fatigue performance degradation. Based on existing studies, this paper systematically reviews the research progress on performance optimization of high RAP content asphalt mixtures from the perspectives of the impact mechanisms of high RAP dosage on mixture performance, the material characteristics of rejuvenators and modifiers, mix design methods, and construction process optimization. The findings indicate that the scientific selection of rejuvenators and modifiers, rational mix design, and precise control of construction processes can to a certain extent compensate for the performance deterioration associated with high RAP content; moreover, multi-scale characterization and numerical simulation techniques can further quantify the blending process between new and aged asphalt, thereby providing theoretical support for optimized material design. In addition to analyzing the current approaches for enhancing the road performance of high RAP content asphalt mixtures, this paper also discusses existing issues and proposes future development directions for professionals in the field.