注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的知觉闭合特点：一项事件相关电位研究
Perceived Closure Characteristics of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2025.153168, PDF,   
作者: 李瑶瑶, 余京曼, 王长明*, 吕少博：华北理工大学心理与精神卫生学院，河北省心理健康与脑科学重点实验室，河北 唐山；孙 黎：北京大学第六医院，北京大学精神卫生研究所，国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院)，卫生部精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学)，北京
关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍；儿童；知觉闭合；面孔识别；代偿；Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder； Children； Perceptual Closure； Facial Recognition； Compensation
摘要: 目的：探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童在配对面孔比较任务中对不同模糊程度面孔进行知觉闭合加工的特点。方法：纳入符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)中ADHD诊断标准的儿童33例，以及正常对照儿童26例。记录两组被试在观看遮挡面孔和完整面孔时的脑电信号，运用事件相关电位(event-related potentials, ERPs)技术比较两组儿童P1、N170和NCL指标波幅和潜伏期上的差异。结果：两组儿童P1成分无显著差异(p > 0.05)，ADHD儿童N170潜伏期提前[(197.52 ± 1.52 ) ms vs. (204.58 ± 1.77) ms, p < 0.01]，健康儿童在完整面孔条件下，右半球NCL波幅显著大于左半球[(9.31 ± 1.51) μV vs. (7.64 ± 1.37) μV, p < 0.05]，而ADHD儿童表现为双侧加工(p > 0.05)。结论：ADHD儿童知觉闭合加工存在明显缺陷，表现出左半球的代偿效应。
Abstract: Objective: To explore the characteristics of perceptual closure processing of faces with different degrees of blurriness in paired face comparison tasks in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods: 33 children who met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV), and 26 normal control children were included. Record the EEG signals of two groups of subjects when viewing occluded and intact faces, and compare the differences in amplitude and latency of P1, N170, and NCL indicators between the two groups of children using event-related potentials (ERPs) technology. Results: There was no significant difference in the P1 component between the two groups of children (p > 0.05), and the latency of N170 was advanced in ADHD children [(197.52 ± 1.52) ms vs. (204.58 ± 1.77) ms, p < 0.01]. Under intact facial conditions, the amplitude of NCL waves in the right hemisphere of healthy children is significantly greater than that in the left hemisphere [(9.31 ± 1.51) μV vs. (7.64 ± 1.37) μV, p < 0.05]. Children with ADHD exhibit bilateral processing (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Children with ADHD exhibit significant deficits in perceptual closure processing, displaying compensatory effects in the left hemisphere.
文章引用：李瑶瑶, 余京曼, 孙黎, 王长明, 吕少博 (2025). 注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的知觉闭合特点：一项事件相关电位研究. 心理学进展, 15(3), 396-405. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2025.153168

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