妨害药品管理罪司法适用困境与优化路径

The Dilemma and Optimization Path of Judicial Application of the Crime of Obstructing Drug Management

摘要: 妨害药品管理罪的设立旨在填补《药品管理法》修订后出现的刑事处罚漏洞，但当前司法实践存在入罪标准模糊、法益属性争议及类案不同判等问题，核心症结在于“足以严重危害人体健康”的认定分歧。应通过辨析本罪兼具药品管理秩序与公众健康安全的双重法益及具体危险犯属性，在个案中强化“足以严重危害人体健康”的具体危险判断，细化行为类型与药品危害评估标准，并精准认定“明知”要件，以确保该罪适用的规范性和可预测性。

Abstract: The establishment of the crime of obstructing drug administration aims to fill the loopholes in criminal penalties after the revision of the Drug Administration Law. However, there are some problems in the current judicial practice, such as vague standards of conviction, disputes over the attributes of legal interests and different judgments in similar cases. The core crux lies in the differences in the determination of “enough to seriously endanger human health.” In order to ensure the standardization and predictability of the application of this crime, it is necessary to analyze the dual legal interests of drug management order and public health and safety and the attributes of specific potential damage offense, strengthen the specific risk judgment of “sufficient to seriously harm human health” in individual cases, refine the behavior types and drug hazard assessment standards, and accurately identify the “knowing” elements.