论私密个人信息合理使用制度困境与出路

The Dilemma and Solutions of the Legal System for the Reasonable Use of Sensitive Personal Information

摘要: 在数字时代，私密信息作为个人信息的重要组成部分，既可能因公共利益而被合理使用，又因其属于隐私范畴而受到严格保护。这种双重属性可能导致在合理使用制度方面隐私保护与个人信息保护的冲突。具体而言，私密信息的隐私权保护优先规则在实践中可能过度限制其合理使用空间，引发了学界的广泛讨论，形成了肯定说与否定说两种观点。然而，无论从权益位阶还是维护人格尊严的角度，都无法得出隐私权保护强于个人信息的结论。因此，应通过解释论层面将私密信息区分为非敏感私密信息与敏感私密信息，通过引入个人信息保护规则中的合理使用情形，平衡私密信息的隐私权保护与合理使用之间的关系，以期回应司法实践的要求。

Abstract: In the digital age, private information, as a crucial component of personal information, is subject to both reasonable use for public interest and strict protection as a form of privacy. This dual nature may lead to conflicts between privacy protection and personal information protection in the context of reasonable use regimes. Specifically, the prioritization of privacy rights for private information may unduly restrict its reasonable use, sparking extensive academic debates and yielding two opposing views: the affirmative and the negative perspectives. However, neither from the hierarchy of rights and interests nor from the perspective of safeguarding human dignity can it be concluded that privacy protection should prevail over personal information protection. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish between non-sensitive and sensitive private information at the interpretative level and to incorporate reasonable use scenarios from personal information protection rules. This approach aims to balance the relationship between privacy protection and reasonable use of private information, thereby addressing the demands of judicial practice.