基于家庭责任内核的社会共助型残障儿童居家照护研究

Research on Home Care for Disabled Children Based on Social Co-Help Based on Family Responsibility Core

摘要: 残障儿童家庭的多重生活困境与专业化照护资源匮乏是残障儿童居家照护困境产生的重要原因。家庭责任依托下的残障儿童居家照护是基于血脉亲情和道德责任为残障儿童提供基础生活保障，其中内生型居家照护主要依托家庭内部的互助资源，较少寻求外界照护资源补给，家庭选择独立面对和承担残障儿童照护过程中的责任和风险；融合型居家照护通过与社区和特殊教育学校的合作，实现残障儿童居家教育和康复的知识结构由碎片化经验向专业化和系统化知识的转变。应构建不同居家照护方式下的残障儿童辅助性生活、教育与康复制度，为残障儿童家庭提供病症早期筛查与预防、心理辅导、特殊教育衔接，及社区融入等服务，实现家庭责任内核依托下的残障儿童社会共助型居家照护机制构建。

Abstract: The multiple lives of disabled children’s families and the lack of professional care resources are important reasons for the emergence of home care, which for disabled children based on family responsibilities is to provide basic living security for disabled children based on blood affection and moral responsibility. Among them, endogenous home care mainly relies on mutual assistance resources within the family, and seldom seeks external care resources. Families choose to face and bear the responsibilities and risks in the process of caring. Through cooperation with communities and special education schools, integrated home care realizes the transformation of the knowledge structure of home education and rehabilitation from fragmentation to professional and systematic knowledge. Assisted life, education and rehabilitation systems under different home care should be established, and services such as early screening and prevention of diseases, connection between psychology and special education, and community integration should be provided for families, so as to realize disabled children based on the core of family responsibility.