56例小儿热性惊厥的临床特点分析

Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics of 56 Cases of Febrile Seizures in Children

摘要: 目的：研究热性惊厥患儿的病例资料，掌握其临床特征。方法：对2023年7月1日至2024年7月1日在内蒙古自治区人民医院儿科病房收住的热性惊厥的患儿的病例资料进行回顾性分析，包括年龄、性别、住院时长、惊厥发作时间及次数、外周血细胞水平变化等。结果：本研究中共分析了56例热性惊厥儿童，单纯型组和复杂型组各有28例，其中26例(46.4%)为女性患儿，30例(53.6%)为男性患儿；其中既往有惊厥发作病史为15例(26.8%)，既往无惊厥病史为41例(73.2%)；两组血常规数据无明显差异(P > 0.05)；复杂型组惊厥发作年龄4岁(1.3, 6.0)明显高于单纯型组2岁(1.0, 3.0)，呈现出0.05水平显著性(P = 0.018 < 0.05)；两组住院时间及单次惊厥发作持续时间比较无明显差异(P > 0.05)。结论：复杂型组惊厥发作年龄明显高于单纯型组，且差异有统计学意义，年龄增长作为惊厥发作的危险因素之一，提示年长儿热性惊厥发作可能会引起不良预后。

Abstract: Objective: To study the case data of children with febrile seizures and master their clinical characteristics. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the case data of children with febrile seizures admitted in the ward of the People’s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from July 1, 2023 to July 1, 2024, including age, gender, length of hospitalization, time and frequency of convulsions, changes in peripheral blood cell levels, etc. Results: In this study, a total of 56 children with febrile seizures were analyzed. There were 28 cases in the simple group and the complex group, of which 26 (46.4%) were female children and 30 (53.6%) were male children. Among them, there was a history of previous convulsions was 15 (26.8%) and 41 cases (73.2%); there was no significant difference in the routine blood data of the two groups (P > 0.05); the age of convulsions in the complex group was 4 years (1.3, 6.0) and was significantly higher than that of the simple group (1.0, 3.0), showing a significant level of 0.05 (P = 0.018 < 0.05); there was no significant difference in hospitalization time and the duration of the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The age of convulsions in the complex group is significantly higher than in the simple group, and the difference is statistically significant. As one of the risk factors for convulsions, age growth suggests that febrile seizures in older children may cause a bad prognosis.