帕金森病患者的健康素养现状及其影响因素研究

Study on the Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Health Literacy in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

摘要: 目的：调查帕金森病患者健康素养现状，分析其影响因素。方法：从济南某三级甲等医院神经内、外科中选取210名(住院时间是2023年2月到2024年4月)患有帕金森病的患者作为对象，综合运用领悟社会支持量表、慢性病患者健康素养量表以及作者设计的一般资料调查表等辅助材料进行调查，采用单因素分析、Pearson相关分析、多元逐步回归分析筛选帕金森病人健康素养的影响因素。结果：210例帕金森病患者的健康素养总分为103.50 (96.00, 110.00)分，处于良好水平，帕金森病患者健康素养总分和领悟社会支持总分两者之间的关系为正相关(r = 0.493, P < 0.001)，通过逐步回归分析可以得知，影响这类患者健康素养的因素主要有以下几个，其一为年龄，其二为文化程度，其三为领悟社会支持，其四为经济水平等。结论：帕金森病患者的健康素养为良好水平，但是仍有27.6%的患者健康素养水平较为缺乏。应根据年龄、职业、文化程度、经济情况、居住地、H-Y分期、领悟社会支持的影响，选择有针对性的干预、护理、管理方案，使患者的健康素养水平得以提升。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the health literacy of Parkinson’s disease patients and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: A total of 210 patients with Parkinson’s disease who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology and neurosurgery of a Grade A hospital in Ji’nan from February 2023 to April 2024 were selected as the study objects. We conduct a comprehensive survey using auxiliary materials such as the Perceived Social Support Scale, Chronic Disease Health Literacy Scale, and the general information survey designed by the author, combined with multiple stepwise regression analysis Pearson correlation analysis, single factor analysis and other methods were used to analyze the factors affecting the health literacy of Parkinson’s disease patients. Results: The total score of health literacy in 210 patients with Parkinson’s disease was 103.50 (96.00, 110.00), which was at a good level. The relationship between the total scores of health literacy and perceived social support in Parkinson’s disease patients is positively correlated (r = 0.493, P < 0.001). Stepwise regression analysis showed that affect the health literacy of such patients, including age, education level, understanding of social support, and economic level. Conclusion: The health literacy of patients with Parkinson’s disease was good, but 27.6% of patients were lack of health literacy. The influence of social support should be understood according to age, occupation, educational level, economic situation, place of residence, H-Y stage, and medical staff should take individualized nursing intervention and management according to different influencing factors to further improve the health literacy level of patients.