社区COPD患者衰弱现状及其影响因素分析

Frailty Status and Influencing Factors of Frailty in Community-Based COPD Patients

摘要: 目的：了解社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD)患者的衰弱发生现状及影响因素。方法：收集我院周边社区的230例COPD患者进行问卷调查，采用一般资料调查表及衰弱量表进行评估，并对社区COPD患者衰弱的危险因素进行分析。结果：230例COPD患者中，衰弱92例，患病率为40.0%。衰弱组年龄 ≥ 80岁、独居、肺部功能严重程度、低学历、低收入、mMRC (改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表)评分高的比例均高于非衰弱组。Logistic多因素分析结果显示年龄 ≥ 80岁、独居、肺部功能严重程度、低学历、低收入、mMRC评分、高收入是社区COPD患者衰弱的影响因素。结论：社区COPD患者的衰弱发生率较高，受年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况等多种因素影响，应尽早发现并及时干预。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status of frailty and its influencing factors among community-dwelling patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A total of 230 patients with COPD were recruited from the outpatient clinics of our hospital surrounding communities. Each participant completed a general information questionnaire and a frailty scale assessment. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with frailty in these patients. Results: Among the 230 patients with COPD, 92 (40.0%) were classified as frail. Compared with the non-frail group, a significantly higher proportion of the frail group were aged ≥80 years, lived alone, had more severe pulmonary dysfunction, had lower educational attainment and lower income, and had higher mMRC scores. Logistic multivariate regression analysis indicated that advanced age (≥80 years), living alone, severe pulmonary dysfunction, low educational attainment, low income, and high mMRC score, and high income were risk factors for frailty in community-dwelling COPD patients. Conclusion: The prevalence of frailty among community-dwelling patients with COPD is high. Frailty is influenced by various factors, including age, educational level, and living status. Early identification and timely intervention are essential to improving outcomes in this population.